八年级下册英语知识点大总结

八年级下册英语知识点大总结 Unit 1 what’s the matter?

1. What’s the matter? 怎么了？

若是询问“某人怎么了?”要用“What’s the matter with sb.?” 拓展：What’s the matter with sb.?的同义句：

What’s wrong with sb.? / What’s the trouble with sb.? 中考再现：Hi, John. ?

It’s Lucy, my dog. Her leg is hurt.

A. How are you B. What’s the matter C. Who’s that D. What’s Lucy like

2. 疾病类短语:

. have a +疾病. e.g. :have a fever 发烧 have a cold 感冒 have a cough 咳嗽 . have a +身体部位-ache. e.g.: have a headache 头痛 have a toothache 牙痛 . have a sore+身体部位. e.g.: have a sore throat 咽喉痛 have a sore back 背痛

中考再现：Mom, I .

I’m sorry to hear that, dear. We must go to see the dentist right away. A. have a headache B. have a stomachache C. have a toothache D. have a fever

3. lie down 躺下 V. 躺，平躺。现在分词是 lying. e.g.: Don’t lie in bed all morning!

拓展：lie 的词性和含义总结

. V. 位于，坐落在。e.g.: Japan lies to the east of China.

.V. 撒谎，说谎。lie to sb. 对某人撒谎。e.g.: Don’t believe her because

she always lies.

. N. 谎言。tell lies/a lie 说谎。e.g.: You shouldn’t tell lies to your

parents. 注意 含义 过去式 过去分词 lay lain 躺，平躺 位于，坐落在 撒谎，说谎 lied lied 4. if 引导的条件状语从句时，主将从现。 中考再现：Stop smoking, Joe! You yourself if you keep on doing it like that.

A. will kill B. have killed C. kill D. killed

5. see sb. doing sth. 表示“看到某人正在做某事”，强调动 作正在进行 see sb. do sth. 表示“看到某人做某事”，强调动作经 常发生或看到某个动作发生的全过程

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e.g.: We saw the boy playing computer games.

We often see the boy play computer games.

We saw the boy lock the door and walk out of the room. When I walked through the playground, I saw my friends A. play B. to play C. playing D. is playing

football.

6. get 短语

get up 起来，起床 get to(=reach, arrive in/at)到达 get on 上车 get off 下车 get into 陷入，参与 get in 进入，到达 get back 回来 get ready (for....) (为....)做准备 get on well with sb. 和某人和睦相处

7. to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是；surprise 是名词，惊讶，惊奇。

8. have trouble/difficulty doing sth. 做某事时遇到困难。 I always have much trouble English words. Can you give me some advice? A. to remember B. remember C. remembering

9. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事。e.g.: They are used to living in the big city. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事。 e.g.：He used to play football, but now he likes playing basketball.

10. take risks/a risk. 冒险。risk V. 冒险。

11. .run out 用完，用尽，主语通常是“时间，金钱，食物”等无生命的东西。

e.g.：All the money ran out.

.run out of 用完，主语通常是人。e.g.：We have run out of our pocket money.

12. off 短语：turn off 关闭，关掉 take off 起飞，脱掉 put off 推迟，拖延

get off 下车 give off 发出，散发 set off 出发

中考再现：We have to the bike ride because of the bad weather.

A. put off B. turn off C. take off D. get off

13. . important adj. 重要的 unimportant adj.不重要的 importance n. 重要性中考再现 From the show Running Man, we can learn the of team spirit. .make a decision=decide 后接不定式，“做出决定，决定 . ” I made a big to stop doing my job for a few months. .be in control of 掌管，控制 out of control 脱离控制中考再现：The car was out of and hit a tree by the road.

A. danger B. breath C. control D. practice

14. .keep (on)doing sth. 继续做某事，坚持做某事。中考再现：He kept so that he could be in health.

A. exercise B. exercising C. to exercise

.give up “放弃”代词放中间 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事

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中考再现:No matter how hard it is, don’t future.

A. give out B. give up C. give away

. Things will be better in the

15. 重难点全解：情态动词 should  should 的用法

作情态动词时，表责任和义务，意为“应当，应该”,可用于任何人称。 肯定句 主语+should+动词原形+其他 否定句 主语+should not/shouldn’t+动原+其他 一般疑问句 Should+主语+动原+其他? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+should+主语+动词原形？ 近义表达：ought to /be supposed to do 翻译：现在你应该戒烟了。

16. 易错易混全解 表示“太多”，修饰可数名词的复数 too many 表示“太多”，修饰不可数名词 too much 表示“太”，修饰形容词或副词 much too The meat is expensive and eating meat isn’t good for our health. A.too much, much too B. too much, too much C. much too, too much D. much too, too many 是连词，“因为，由于”，引导原因状语从句 because 是介词短语，“因为，由于”，后跟名词、代词或动名词 because of Millie made a few mistakes in the exam her carelessness. A.because B. so that C. as a result D. because of V. “死，去世，逝世” die adj. “死的，死亡的” dead death n. “死，死亡” 中考再现：Lei Feng for many years, but his spirit is still encouraging us. A. died B. has died C. was dead D. has been dead

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Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.

1. hope to do sth. 希望做某事， 含 hope to do sth. 的句子可以转换为宾语从句。

eg: I hope to pass the exam.=I hope that I can pass the exam. 同意做某事 agree to do sth. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 拒绝做某事 refuse to do sth. 记得做某事 remember to do sth. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事 尽力做某事 try to do sth. 想要做某事 want to do sth. 2. “动词+up”的短语小结：

clean up 打扫干净 cut up 切碎 grow up 长大 set up 熬夜 set up 建立，设立

stay up 熬夜 wake up 醒来，叫醒 take up 占用 give up 放弃 use up 用完cheer up 使振作起来，使高兴起来（代词必须放中间）put up 搭建，张贴make up 组成，编造 end up 最终成为，最后处于 中考再现：Many volunteers will help to the city parks next parks next Friday. A. give up B. pick up C. clean up

3. give out：发出，放出（热，光等）The sun gives out light and heat to the earth

用完，耗尽 We had just reached home when the petrol gave out.

公布，发表 The news of the event was given out over the radio.

4. give 的短语：give away 捐赠，赠给 give up 放弃 give back 归还

give off 发出，放出 give in 让步，屈服 give sb. sth. =give sth. to sb.给某人某物

5. put off doing sth.推迟做某事 e.g.: We can’t put off making a plan.

常见的 put 短语：put on 穿上，戴上 put out 熄灭，扑灭 put up 搭起，升起， 张贴 put up with 容忍 put away 收起来 中考再现:They heard the party was because of the exam.

6. come up with 提出，想出（答案，计划等）

He many ideas to solve these problem already. 7.used to 变否定句或疑问句时常借助助动词 did. 肯定句 主语+used to+动词原形... 否定句 主语+didn’t use to+动词原形... 肯定答语 Yes,主语+did. 一般疑问句 否定答语 No,主语+didn’t. 8. care 的延伸:

派生词:careful 小心的 carefully 小心地 careless 粗心的 carelessly 粗心地

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短语：care for 照顾，喜欢 care about 关心，在意 take care 小心 take care of 照顾，照料 9. such+ a/an+形容词+名词=so+形容词+a/an+名词 “如此 ... ”

注意：当名词前有 many, much, few, little 修饰时，要用 so,而不用 such. 中考再现：We had awful weather we couldn’t finish the work on time.

A. so, that B. such, that C. such an, that

10. -ing 是名词后缀。e.g.：reading 阅读 writing 写作 spelling 拼写 swimming 游泳 skating 滑冰 fishing 钓鱼 smoking 抽烟

11. be satisfied/pleased with... 对.... 满意 satisfaction n. 满意，满足

12. 常见的“take+介词/副词”短语：

take down 写下，拆除 take off 起飞，脱掉 take out 取出，掏出 take in 吸收 take over 接管 take away 带走 take up 占用 take back 收回中考再现：I my father’s wet shoes and washed his feet.

A. took out B. took off C. took place

13. 常见的“动词+away”的短语： throw away 扔掉，丢弃 run away 逃跑

get away 逃离 pass away 逝世 keep away 离开，使不接近 take away 带走go away 离开 put away 收起来 give away 捐赠 stay away 远离 ----What are you doing, Mum? ---- I’m some old things for a yard sale. A. giving away B. hurrying up C. cleaning out D. walking into

14. be similar to 和....相似/类似 e.g.: His dress is similar to mine in color. 15.常考的不同时态的被动语态： 一般现在时 am/is/are +done 一般过去时 was/were +done 现在进行时 am/is/are being +done 一般将来时 will be +done am/is/are going to be +done 现在完成时 have/has been +done in China in 2013.

A. are made B. were made C. make

D. made

中考再现：These model cars

16. make it +adj.（+for sb.)+to do sth. 使某人做某事........

find it +adj. （+for sb.)+to do sth. 发现.. 怎么样

17. be excited about 因...而兴奋不已 e.g.: We were excited about the good news.

同根词：excite v. 使激动，使兴奋 excited adj.激动的，兴奋的（常用来修饰人） exciting adj.令人激动的，兴奋的(常用来修饰事或物）excitement n.激动，兴奋

They are about the news. A. excited, excited

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B. exciting, exciting C. exciting, excited D. excited, exciting

18. could 的用法:

表建议，语气较委婉“可以”e.g.: You could help to clean the park.

can 的过去式，表示过去具备的能力。e.g.: She couldn’t dress herself until five.

19. 动词不定式的用法 A.动词不定式的语法功能 作主语 To learn English well is very important.=It is very important to learn English well. 作表语 My job is to look after patients. 作宾语 We want to go swimming. 作宾语 She invited me to go to the concert. 补足语 作定语 I have something important to tell you. 作状语 She got up early to catch the early bus. 中考再现:I was tired out, so I stopped the car a short rest. A. have B. having C. to have D. had

状语：状语是用于说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等的一种句法成份.

状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当.其位置一般放在句末,但也可放在句首或句中.

1. 副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念.

He speaks English very well. 他英语说得非常好. （very 是程度副词,用来修饰 well. very well 是修饰 speak 的程度状语） 2. 介词短语

The boy was praised for his bravery. 那个男孩因为他的勇敢受到了表扬.（for his bravery 在句中作原因状语） 3. 从句作状语

If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you. 如果我明天不忙,我将和你一起踢足球.（If I am not busy tomorrow 在句中作条件状语） 4. 不定式在句子中可以作目的状语.

I come specially to see you. 我专门来看你. （to see you 在句中充当目的状语） 5. 分词作状语

Having had a quarrel with his wife, he left home in a bad temper.和他妻子吵架后,他生气地地离家出走了.（having had a quarrel 在句中作时间状语） Reminded not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager left for the airport in a hurry. （reminded not to miss the flight at 15:20 在句中作时间状语） 由于时间关系,所附例句有限,希望你能对状语有一个概要的了解.

B. “特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构

动词不定式可以用在疑问词 what, how, when, where, which 等之后，作主语，宾

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语，表语等。

e.g.: How to get there is a problem.（作主语） I don’t know what to say.(作宾语）

The question is how to learn English well.(作表语） 中考再现： -- It’s important for us to know all the subjects.

----Yeah, group work is my favorite.

A. how to study B. when to study C. which to study D. what to study

C.含动词不定式的常用搭配

有些动词只能跟动词不定式作宾语 plan, hope, agree, decide 等。 e.g.: We plan to go climbing.

My father agreed to take us to the museum. They decide to join the swimming club.

有些动词后要跟动词不定式作宾语补足语： 想要某人做某事 want sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 tell sb.to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb.to do sth. 警告某人做某事 warn sb.to do sth. ask sb.to do sth. 请求某人做某事 建议某人做某事 advise sb. to do sth. 中考再现: We advise parents their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger. A. leaving B. not to leave C. leave D. to leave

20. repair, mend, fix 区别

repair 意为 “修理”，修理的对象着重于破损，毁坏或发生故障不能正常使用的物体。e.g. : When I got home, my brother was repairing his radio.

mend 意为“修理”，修理的对象是一些琐碎的物品。如粘贴的小用具，玩具，要缝补的衣物等。e.g.：My kite is broken. Can you mend it？

fix 意为“修理”，强调校准，校正。e.g.: He’s outside fixing the brakes in the car.

21. alone, lonely 区别 alone 可以作形容词，副词，强调独自一人，没有同伴。作形容词时，在 句中多用作表语或宾语补足语，不能作定语。 只能作形容词，意为“孤独的，寂寞的”带有一定的感情色彩 lonely I was alone, but I did not feel lonely. 中考再现:She lives in a small village, but she didn’t feel .

A. lonely, lonely B. alone, lonely C. lonely, alone

22.open, close, turn on, turn off open 用于能直接打开或关上的东西，如：门，窗，盒子，书 close turn on 用于需要通过按钮，遥控或旋转才能打开的东西，如：电器（灯，电turn off 视，电脑）或水龙头 tap

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23.bring, take, carry, fetch bring 意为“带来”，指把某人或某物从别的地方带到说话人处 take 意为“带走”,指把某人或某物从说话人处带到别的地方 carry 一般指 “随身携带”,此外多用于汽车，火车的交通工具时，表“运载” fetch 表示“去取来”，口语中常用 get，表示“去某地取某物，再回来”，表双向动作 Unite3 Could you please clean your room?

1. “Could you please do sth.?”的答语以下两种情况： 接受请求时 可以用 Yes, sure./Sure./Of course./Certainly./No problem./My pleasure./It’s my pleasure./With pleasure.等来回答 拒绝请求时 可以用 Sorry./Sorry, I can’t.等来回答，还可以用 I have to do sth. 来解释原因 其否定句是:“Could you please not do sth.?”

2. 有关“家务劳动”有关的短语：

take out the rubbish/trash 倒垃圾 fold one’s clothes 叠衣服 sweep the floor 扫地 clean the room 打扫房间 make one’s /the bed 铺床 do the dishes/wash the dishes 洗餐具

3. throw down 扔下 throw at 扔向，掷向 throw away 扔掉，丢弃中考再现：Recycling is good, so don’t bottles or newspapers.

A. find out B. hand in C. use up D. throw away

4. the minute 表示“一....就 . ”,相当于 as soon as.(引导时间状语从句) e.g.: I’ll tell him the minute he gets there.

5. 常见 time 的短语：

all the time 一直，总是 at times 不时，有时 in time 及时 on time 按时 for the first time 第一次 in no time 立刻，马上 at any time 随 时 at the same 同 时have a good/great/wonderful time 玩的愉快 by the time 到 . 的时候 中考再现： - Hurry up. It’s almost time for school.

---Don’t worry. We are sure to be at school . A. at times B. on time C. all the time D. by the time

中考再现： -- Hurry up. It’s almost time for school.

-----Don’t worry. We are sure to be at school .

A．at times B. on time C. all the time D. by the time

否定结构是not as/so…as,

6. as ….as 表示“和 .. 一样”，之间要用形容词或副词的原级。 表示“不如…….,比不

上…..” e.g.: She is as tall as her elder brother.

中考再现：Look! This house is as as that one.

A. the most beautiful B. more beautiful C. beautiful

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7. so, neither 引导的倒装句 结构 so+助动词/be 动词/情态动词+主语 用法 当前面叙述的肯定事实也适用于后者 时 neither+助动词/be 动词/情态动词+主 当前面叙述的否定事实也适用于后者 语 时 中考再现： -- I don’t understand the story in the new unit. What about you, Bob? ---- . A. Neither I do B. Neither do I C. So do I

8. in surprise 惊讶地 e.g.: She looked at me in surprise.

9. 宾语从句要用陈述句语序。e.g.: She asked me why I liked cartoons.

中考再现：----I’d like to know ............. ------- Maybe in the forest.

A. whether we will go camping B. where we will go camping C. whether will we go camping D. where will we go camping

10. in order to “目的是，为了”，后跟动词原形。in order to do sth. 表示“为了做某事”，否定结构是 in order not to do sth. “为了不做某事”。

so that, in order that 表示“目的是，为了”，用来引导目的状语从句，可以转换为含 to, in order to 的句子。 中考再现: In order for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. A. not to be late B. not being late C. to be late D. being late

11. provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb.表示“给某人提供某物”。中考再现：Parents often their children some good advice. A. offer; with B. offer;/ C. provide; with D. both B and C

12. “动词+on”的短语：depend on/upon 依赖，依靠，取决于…., 由….决定 get on 上车 turn on 打开 come on 快点，加油 put on 穿上，上演 call on 号 召 pass on 传递 concentrate on 专心，集中精力中考再现： -- Mum, shall we go to the beach tomorrow?

----It the weather. A. carries on B. lives on C. depends on D. holds on

13. since 作连词，意味“因为，既然”，此时引导原因状语从句，表示因果时语气没有 because 强烈。 （介词），自… He has eaten nothing since yesterday. 以来,自从 （副词），从那 I saw him in June, but we haven’t met since. 以后，此后 (连词)，既然， He has been in the army since he left school.

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因为，自…以来 中考再现: I scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old. A. will be B. was C. have been D. would be

14. take care of 表示“照顾”，和 look after, care for 是同义表达；表示“好好照顾某人”要用 take good care of sb. =look after sb.well. 中考再现：In our daily life, we must learn to ourselves well at any time. It’s as important as studying. A. deal with B. worry about C. look after

15. ①as a result 意为“结果，因此” eg.: He didn’t study hard.

, he failed his exam.

②fall 的短语小结：fall asleep 睡着，入睡 fall ill 生病 fall behind 落后fall off 跌落，从…跌下来 fall down 跌倒，摔倒 fall in love with…爱上…. He and has been in hospital for two days.

重点难点全解

16. 用 could 提出要求和征求许可1 用 could 提出要求

常见的结构是 Could you( please)…? 译为“你能……吗？”或“请你….好吗？”如果同意就用 OK.或 No problem.等来回答。如果不同意就用 Sorry, I can’t.等来回答，并以委婉的方式来解释原因。 中考再现： -- Could you please sweep the floor, Tom?

------Sorry, mum, I ............. I’m doing my homework.

A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not ------Could you please turn off the TV? ------ ，I ................ I want to watch the sports news.

A. No; couldn’t B. Sorry; can’t C. Sure; can D. Sorry; couldn’t 2 用 could 征求许可 常见的结构是 Could I….?可翻译为“我能/可以 .... 吗？”此时回答不用 could, 习惯上肯定回答用 may, can 等；否定回答用 can’t 或 mustn’t(语气中)。中考再现： -- Could I borrow your bike, please?

----- . A. Of course you can B. It doesn’t matter

C. Yes, I’d love to D. No, thank you

易错易混全解

1 both, either, neither, all, none both 译为“两者都”，用于两者之间，可以和 and 搭配，both…and… 表示“…..和 .. 都” neither 是 both 的完全否定形式，表示“两个都不”。可以和 nor 搭配， neither…nor…表示“……和 .. 都不” either 表示“两个人或物中的一个”。可以和 or 搭配，neither…or… 表示“或者…或者….;要么….要么…..” 译为“全部”，用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间 all 0 如有侵权，请联系删除：nmjy0822 资料整理自网络，收集主要为了提供给学生们学习用1，

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是 all 的完全否定形式，译为“没有一个” none 中考再现： Jiefangbei is not far from Chaotianmen. You can easily visit in a day. A. each B. none C. both D. neither 2 borrow, lend, keep borrow 表示“借；借来；借入”，指向别人借来东西，搭配是 borrow sth from sb. lend 表示“借给，借出”，指把东西借给别人，搭配是 lend sb. sth. 或 lend sth. to sb. keep 表示“长时间地借用”，可以和时间段以及 how long 搭配 中考再现： The librarian told me that I could these magazines for 3 days. A. borrow B. buy C. keep D. return

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Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?

1 .allow sb. to do sth. “允许某人做某事”， 也可以是 allow sb. sth. 其被动语态是“主语+be allowed to do sth.”, “某人被允许做某事” 中考再现：My parents didn’t allow me to the party.

A. go B. to go C. goes D. went

hang out 闲逛 eg.: She often hangs out in the supermarket.

2 .What’s wrong (with sb.)?= What’s the matter? 询问“某人怎么了” eg. ------ What’s wrong with you? ------- I don’t feel well.

wrong 作形容词，意为“有毛病的，错误的”。近义词：false 错误的 incorrect 不正确的。反义词：right 正确的 correct 正确的 eg.: There’s something wrong with my bike.

3 .till, until 用于肯定句时，主句的动词用延续性 动词，它所表示的动作一直持续到 till We’ll wait until the rain stops. 或 until 表示的时间为止，意为“直 到….为止” 用于否定句时，主句的动词一般是非 延续性动词，它所表示的动作直到 till They did not return home until it 或 until 所表示的时间才发生，意为 began to rain. “直到…..(才)” 中考再现: Julie didn’t leave her office the police arrived. A. However B. whenever C. while D. until

4 .why not do sth.?= why don’t you do sth.? “为什么不做某事呢？” 中考再现： -- We can invite Nick and Nora to Shanghai Disneyland with us.

---- ? I’ll give them a call right now.

5 . look through 翻阅，浏览 look at 看 look for 寻找 look after 照顾

look down 向下看 look around 环顾，往四下看 look up 向上看，查阅look out 小心 look up to 仰慕，看得起 look down on 看不起 look over 仔细检查 look forward to 期待中考再现:

-----I found my sister my things and took my new magazines. What should I do? ------- I guess you should tell her it’s not right. A. looking through B. looking up C. looking for  find sb. doing sth. 意为“发现某人正在做某事” I found my sister with her friends in the garden. A. plays B. playing C. played D. to play

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6. so that so...that 意为“以便；以使”,引导目的状语从句 表示“如此...以至于”，so 后跟形容词或副词，that 后引出结果状 语从句 such...that 意思和 so...that 相同，但 such 后跟名词，so 后跟形容词或副词 中考再现： -- Where is Tom？ ----He is practicing English he can win the speech

competition. A. to speak; in order to B. speaking; so that C. speaking; in order to D. to speak; so that

7. although, though, even though 都可以用来引导让步状语从句，它们都不能和 but 同时使用。

中考再现： Mike didn’t win the race, he was still wearing a smile on his face.

A. If B. Since C. Although D. Because

8. work out 解决（问题),改善（状况） point out 指出 go out 出去

find out 发现，查明 take out 取出，掏出 turn out 结果是 run out 用完 ---I believe that you can this problem by yourself. ---Thank you for your encouragement.

A.work out B. take out C. turn out D. run out 9. get on with=get along with 和睦相处，关系良好 get on/along well with sb.和某人相处得很好

中考再现:We should think more of others if we want to them.

A. get on well with B. hear of C. get ready for D. hear from

10. argue with sb. 和某人争吵，和某人争论 Don’t try to him until he’s cooled down.

1. whatever=no matter what 无论什么，不管什么 eg.: Whatever you say, I won’t believe you.

12. offer 的搭配： offer sth. to sb. They offered us some tent（s 帐篷）.=They offered some tents to =offer sb. Sth.给us. 某人提供某物 offer to do sth.主 He offered to take me to the museum. 动提出做某事 中考再现： - How’s Bob now? ---I hear the company him a very good job, but he turned it down. A. donated B. served C. offered D. Introduced

13. communicate with sb. 和某人交流，和某人沟通 名词形式:communication 中考再现：After you argue with your parents you must （交流）with them and explain why you did that.

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14. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事

中考再现：The movie is so interesting. I don’t A. enjoy B. mind C. keep D. Finish

seeing it again tomorrow.

15. compete with... 和...竞争

compete v.比赛，竞争 competition n.比赛，竞争 competitive adj.比赛的，竞争的

16. cut out 删除，删去 cut up 切碎 cut down 砍倒 cut off 切掉 cut in 打断，插嘴 You can the unimportant details.

17. quick adj. 快的，快速的 quickly adv. 快速地近义词: fast adj. 快的 rapid adj. 迅速的 反义词: slow adj. 慢的 slowly adj. 缓慢地

中考再现：Excuse me, would you please speak a little more

Sorry, I thought you could follow me.

A. sadly B. quickly C. politely D. slowly

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18.

19. compare ...with...把 . 与 .. 相比 中考再现: When you yourself with others, you miss the wonder of who you are. A. compare B. communicate C. contact D. Connect

continue to do sth.=continue doing sth. 继续做某事 （者意义相同，没有区别）

20. 重点难点全解

until, so that 和 although 引导的状语从句 . until 意为“直到.....为止，到 . 时”。 Continue in this direction until you see a sign. 一直朝着这个方向走直到你看到一个指示牌。

I didn’t wake up until I heard the alarm clock.直到听到闹钟的铃声我才醒来。中考再现：Dad, when did you come back from the farmland yesterday？

Well, I didn’t come back the rain stopped. A. while B. until C. Because

. so that 引导的目的状语从句

so that 意为“为的是，以便”，引导目的状语从句。注意 so that, in order that 和 in order to 在用法上的区别。

Let me take down your telephone number so that I can call you later. （同义句) 中考再现: My mother gets up at five every day she can prepare breakfast for us. A.in order to B. so that C. if

. although 引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”. 中考再现： I live in a safe community, I still feel worried when I go out at night. A. Although B. Since C. Until

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21. 易错易混全解 . elder, older

elder 指“年长的”，常修饰人，用来表示出生顺序的先后和年龄的长幼，常作定语，不可用于 than 引导的比较状语从句。

older 指“年纪较大的，较老的，较旧的”，修饰人或物都行。既可作定语，也可作表语，可用于 than 引导的比较状语从句。 中考再现：Do you know that China is one of countries in the world？

Yes，I do. It’s much than the US. A. Oldest, older B. The oldest, older C. The oldest, elder D. The older, elder

. instead, instead of instead 是副词，意为“代替，顶替”。instead 常用在句末。说明被代替的 人或事物 instead of 是介词短语，意为“代替，顶替”，但 instead of 后面必须加上所被 代替的人或物 I didn’t have a pen, so I used a pencil instead. I came instead of my elder brother.

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Unite 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?

1 .What was/were+主语+doing+其他？ 某人在过去的某个时间正在做某事。过去进行时：结构是 was/were+现在分词。 中考再现： -- Why did the car hit the boy?

-----Because the driver on the phone at that time.

A. talk B. is talking C. was talking D. have talked

2 .go 的短语小结：go away 离开 go over 复习，温习 go back 回来 go on 继续 go through 穿过，通过 go by （时间）流逝，过去中考再现：It’s 7:00 o’clock now, but the alarm didn’t .

A. turn off B. go off C. take off D. put off

3 . sudden adj. 突然的 suddenly adv. 突然 sad adj. 难过的 sadly adv. 难过地 happy adj. 快乐的 happily adv. 快乐地 lucky adj. 幸运的 luckily adv. 幸运地 quick adj. 快速的 quickly adv. 快速地 quiet adj. 安静的 quietly adv. 安静地 slow adj. 缓慢的 slowly adv. 缓慢地 main adj. 主要的 mainly adv. 主要地 usual adj. 通常的 usually adv. 通常 中考再现： She (突然)found herself being talked about in all the newspaper.

许多副词由“形容词+ly”构成。如下：

4 .pick up 接电话 I didn’t pick up your phone because I was busy.

拾起，捡起 Please pick up the ruler on the ground.

开车去接 My mother agreed to drive her new car to pick me up.

中考再现： -- Look! What’s on the ground?

-----Oh, it’s my sweater. Please . A. pick it up B. put it up. C. give it out D. take it off

5 .fall asleep 入睡，睡着 die down 逐渐变弱，逐渐消失中考再现：Because it was too noisy outside last night, we all found it difficult ................................................................... (fall)

6 .被动语态的结构：be +过去分词. (考虑时态) 中考再现：Many houses by the earthquake and thousands of people

were left homeless.

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A. damaged B. were damaged C. were damaged D. are damaged 7 .在中考中，宾语从句的考点主要有三个方面，分别是：语序，引导词，时态。 语序 宾语从句要用陈述句语序 引导词 引导词有 that, if/whether 以及连接代词和连接副词（特殊疑问词）， 如：who, when, where, what, why 等 时态 通常情况下，如果主句是一般过去时，则从句也要用相应的过去时态。 如果主句是一般现在时，从句则根据实际情况而定 She asked me when the meeting would begin. I said that I was doing my homework. 中考再现： -- Could you tell me the Dragon Boat Festival in China?

---- Sure. People usually watch the dragon boat races and eat zongzi. A. when do people celebrate B. why people celebrate C. how people celebrate

8 .silence n. in silence 沉默，无声 silent adj. 沉默的 keep silent 保持沉默 silently 沉默地

None of them talked. They finished their meal in . A.silence B. order C. place D. public 常见 at 的短语： at the moment at times at the same time at the end of at once at last at least

9 .现在，此刻 有时，偶尔 同时 在…..结束时 立刻，马上 最后，终于 一点儿也不，根本不 10 .重点难点全解

过去进行时的用法：描述过去某个时刻正在发生的动作或存在的状态，基本结构是：was/were+ 现在分词

They were doing their homework at eight o’clock yesterday evening. 中考再现： -- Did you watch the football match on TV last night?

----I wanted to, but my mother her favorite TV programme.

A. watches B. watched C. was watching D. had watched

11 .when, while 引导的时间状语从句 主句的时态 连词 从句的时态 过去进行时 一般过去时 when 一般过去时 过去进行时 while 过去进行时 过去进行时 while When the rainstorm came he was reading in the library. Someone knocked at the door while my mother was cooking. They were cleaning the classroom while you were playing games.

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拓展： when 当….的时候 The army was disbanded(被解散) when the war came to an end. while 在….期间 I lived in a hostel while I was a student. before 在….之前 I wiped my shoes on the mat(垫子) before I came in. after 在…之后 I found your coat after you had left the house. as 当…的时候 He smiled as he passed. since 自从 Since his wife died, he’s just let himself go. (变得不修边 幅) until 直到 Let’s wait until the rain stops. 中考再现：----Mike， what were your parents doing at 8:00 last night? ----My mother was reading my father was playing games. A. while B. when C. unless D. as long as

12 .易错易混全解 不及物动词，意为“升起，提高”。可以表示太阳升起或物价上涨等 rise raise 及物动词，除了可以表示“提高”之外，还有“举起；提起；饲养； 募集”等含义 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. The cost of living continues to rise.

Raise your hands up straight so that I can count.

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Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains

1. once upon a time 从前 （一般过去时的标志性的时间状语） Once upon a time, there was a frog living in the well.

2. as soon as 一…..就，引导时间状语从句。（主将从现） I will tell him as soon as I see him.

中考再现：Next month we’re going somewhere interesting as soon as the holiday . A. will begin B. has begin C. begins D. is beginning

3. remind sb. of… 使某人想起……，提醒某人关于…… remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind sb. +宾语从句 提醒某人…… These photos remind me of my school life. David reminded me to fill out the form first. She reminds me that Lisa is waiting for me. 中考再现：This photo reminded the old man the days when he was young.

A. with B. for C. by D. of

4. 写法近似的短语表达： 含义 对应表达 有点儿，稍微 a little, a bit, a little bit 少量，一些 a little, a bit of 5. seem 的常见搭配: seem to do sth. She doesn’t seem to like the idea. 她似乎不太喜欢这个主意 She seems satisfied. 她似乎很满意 seem+adj. She seems a clever girl. 她看起来像是一个聪明的女孩 seem+n. seem+介词短语 It seems like years since I saw you last time. It seems that… It seems that no one knows what has happened. It seems as if… It seemed as if they had never seen each other before.仿佛他 们以前从未见过 中考再现：他似乎已经找到了他的钱包。（It seems that…）

6. turn…into 变成，同 change…into

Caterpillars can turn into butterflies. 毛毛虫可以变成蝴蝶。

hide----hid----hidden 隐藏，遮蔽 He hid the money under the floor.

用法 用来修饰形容词或副词 用来修饰不可数名词

7. unless=if not 如果….不；除非 (主将从现) We will go camping if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. =We will go camping unless it rains tomorrow.

中考再现: She says that she’ll have to close the shop

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business improves.

A. if B. or C. unless D. because

8. so...that… 如此….以致于…. =too…to…= not…enough…to

She was so angry that she tore up the letter.

9. get married 结婚，其中 married 是形容词，意为结婚的，已婚的

marry 是动词，意为“结婚”，它是非延续性动词，不能喝时间段搭配，若表示“结婚多长时间了”要用 be married。

中考再现：Mr. Brown and his wife have been married for 20 years.

Mr. Brown and his wife 20 years ago. Deng Chao and Sun Li for five years since 2010. For the young people in China, they are the model couple. A. have been married B. got married C. married D. has been married

10. 由 what 和 how 引导的感叹句 What +a/an +形容词+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）! what 引导 What+形容词+可数名词复数（+主语+谓语）! What+形容词+不可数名词（+主语+谓语）! How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）! how 引导 How+形容词或副词（+主语+谓语）! How+主语+谓语! What a beautiful girl she is! What important jobs they have done! What good weather it is!

How old a building that is! = What an old building that is! How interesting the story is! How time flies! 中考再现： important it is for kids to imagine freely!

A. What B. What a C. What an D. How

11. wake up 醒来，叫醒 （如果宾语是名词，既可以放在两者之间，也可以放

在之后；如果宾语是代词，只能位于两者之间。） Stop shouting or you will wake up the neighbors. Would you please wake me up tomorrow?

12. be made

of 由…制成 （可以看出材料） from 由…制成（看不出材料） in+地点 某物生产于某地 by 由…制造

into 把…制成/使转变为 up of 由….组成/构成

13. 重点难点全解

as soon as, unless, so that 引导让步状语从句

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A．as soon as 表示“一…就…”用来引导时间状语从句。（主将从现）

He will report his progress as soon as he arrives.

中考再现：He will spend time with his family members as soon as he time.

A. will have B. have C. has D. had

B. unless 引导的条件状语从句。连词，意为“除非，如果不”，可与 if…not

互换。

I won’t go to the party unless I’m invited. =I won’t go to the party if I’m not invited.

中考再现：This is between you and me ----- I promise. I won’t tell others you say I can. A. unless B. or C. since D. and

C．so…that…引导结果状语从句。意为“如此…..以至于…..”, 其中 so 是副词，

常用来修饰形容词或副词，that 引导结果状语从句。 He is so young that she can’t look after herself. 中考再现：Lily was hungry she ate three hamburgers in one go.(一口气)

14. 易错易混全解 somebody 表示“某人，有人”，多用于肯定句中，还可以用在期望得到肯 定回答的疑问句中 anybody 表示“任何人”，用在否定句或疑问句中，还可以用在条件状语 从句中 表示“任何人都不”，同 not…anybody nobody 表示“每个人，所有人” everybody

voice, noise, sound

A. voice 表示“嗓音”，一般指人说话、唱歌或笑的声音。

The little girl has a beautiful voice.

B. sound 表示“声音”，指任何可以听到的声音，包括悦耳的或令人不愉快的声音。

All of a sudden there was the sound of shots.

C. noise 表示 “噪音，喧闹声”, 一般指嘈杂、吵闹等令人不愉快的声音。 The noise of the street kept me awake.

指“大笑”，强调笑出声音，大声地笑。laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 laugh 指“微笑”，强调没有笑出声音。smile at sb. 对某人微笑 smile The girl is afraid to dance in public because she thinks others may her. A. laugh at B. wait for C. hear of D. agree with

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Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?

.1population n. 人口，表示“人口多”时要用big 或large 来修饰population,

表示“人口少”时要用 small 来修饰population.

Our country has a large population and abundant resources. 我国人口众多，资源丰富。

拓展：What’s the population of +地点？ 某地有多少人口

（注意该句式中的特殊疑问词不能用 how many 或 how much.

.2one of the +“形容词最高级+复数名词” 意为最…..的…..之一

中考再现：

My time in the middle school was one of periods of my life.

A. exciting B. more exciting C. the more exciting D. the most exciting

.3much, a little, still, even, a bit 等用来修饰比较级的词或短语。

—The Internet service fees are too high, and the speed is too slow. —That’s why Premier Li Keqiang asks operators(运营商) to provide Internet. A．many cheaper and quicker B. very cheaper and quicker C. more cheaper and quicker D. much cheaper and quicker protect sb./sth. from…..

保护某人/物免受……

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.5as 作连词时，有以下含义和用法： 当……的时候 He waved as the train left the station.火车离站时，他挥 着手。 和……一样 I can’t run as fast as I used to. 我不如以前跑得快了。 因为，由于 As it raining, I stayed at home. 由于下雨我便待在家 里。

.6as far as I know 固定搭配，“据我所知”。

中考再现： I know, more and more people in the world are learning Chinese.

A.As well as B. As often as C. As soon as D. As far as take in 吸收，吸入

“成功”的不同词性有：

succeed v. 成功 success n. [U]成功；[C]成功的人或事successful adj. 成功的 successfully. adv. 成功地

中考再现：Finally the firemen saved the little girl the damaged building (success).

.7

.8

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.9in the face of 面对（问题，困难等）

that 引导表语从句

eg.: The reason is that I’m too busy.

give up doing sth. 放弃做某事

achieve 作动词，意为“达到，完成，成功” 中考再现：Dreams are beautiful. However, to them needs lots of time and work. A.discover B. find C. achieve D. stop weigh 作动词，意为“重量是……”,也可以作及物动词，意为“称……的重量”。

weight n. 重量，体重 中考再现 ---- What’s the of the elephant？

-----About two tons.

at birth 出生时

我仍然记得他出生时的样子。

I still remember what he looked like . wake v. 醒来 wake up 叫醒 过去式：woke 过去分词：woken awake adj. 醒着的 反义词：asleep 睡着的 fall asleep 睡着 动词+into 结构的短语 把 .. 放进…… put…into divide…into… 把……划分为…… 把……翻译成…… translate…into… 把……变成…… turn/change…into… break…into 闯入 调查，观察 look…into over 短语小结： get over 复习，温习 over and over again 一再，反复 get over 克服come over 过来，顺便来访 all over 遍及 all over the world 遍及全世界

She was confident that she could all the difficulties on her own. A.go over B. get over C. go off D. get off

die from 死于

The old man died from stomach cancer.

-ness 是名词后缀 illness 疾病 kindness 友善 darkness 黑暗中考再现：Smoking can bring us many kinds of (ill). 动词+down 的短语小结： cut down 砍伐 lie down 躺下 pull down 拆毁 look down 向下看 turn down 关小，调低 break down 出故障

3

.01

.1 .21

.31

.41

.51

.61

count down 倒数

write down 写下

any trees.

中考再现：In order to protect the environment, we shouldn’t

A.turn down B. put down C. cut down

重点难点全解

.71千位数以上的数字表达方式：从数字的右端向左端数，每三位数加一个逗号“，”。从右开始，第一个“，”前的数字后添加 thousand; 第二个“，”前的数字后添加 million; 第三个“，”前的数字后加 billion。然后一节一节分别表示，两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式，在（几， 几十几）前加 and。

2,8 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight

16,250,0 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand and sixty-four 5,237,166,234 five billion two hundred and thirty-seven million one hundred and sixty-six thousand two hundred and thirty-four

形容词、副词的比较级和最高级规则变化： 单音节 一般在词尾加-er, -est long—longer—longest 以不发音的 e 结尾的，加-r, -st nice—nicer—nicest 和部分双音节以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变 y 为 i, 再early—earlier--earliest 词 加-er, -est fat—fatter—fattest 以单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母，再加-er，-est 多音节 借助 more 构成比较级，借助 most difficult —more difficult 和部分构成最高级 ---most difficult 双音节 词 注：重读闭音节三要素：1. 必须是重读音节； 2. 最后只有一个辅音字母； 3.元音字母发短元音 中考再现： -- Is Tina than Tara?

----Yes, but Tara is in her class.

A.taller, the heaviest B. tall, heavy C. taller, heavier D. the tallest, the heaviest 不规则变化： 原级 比较级 最高级 bad/ill worse Worst many/much more Most good/well better Best far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest little less Least

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注：“坏”“病”两“多”和两“好”，一是“远”来二是“老”，little 是“少”不是“小”

中考再现： -- Lin Dan won the badminton game again.

----Yes. I think no one can do than him. A. well B. better C. best 拓展：和比较级有关的句式 …比较级+than… 更…… The +比较级… , the +比较级… 越……越…… 比较级+and+比较级 (more and more+ 越来越…… 原级) Who/Which…比较级，A or B? A 和 B，谁/哪一个更……? 中考再现：Boys and girls, believe in yourselves. The you are, the better grades you will get. A. more careful B. more carefully C. most carefully 和最高级有关的句式 …最高级…+in/of 短语 ……中最…… one of the +最高级+可数名词复数形式 最……的……之一 Who/Which…最高级，A, B, or C? A, B 和 C，谁/哪一个最……? 中考再现：Shu-How Lin is one of basketball players in the NBA. A. popular B.less popular C. more popular D. the most popular

.91易错易混全解 用作及物动词，意为“包含，包括” include including 用作介词，意为“包括在内”，用在名词或代词之前 用作形容词，意为“包括在内”，用在名词或代词之后 included Everyone laughed, me included/including me.

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Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?

1. 现在完成时

肯定句：主语+have/has done… 否定句：主语+haven’t/hasn’t done… 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+done…? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+have/has.

否定回答：No, 主语+haven’t/hasn’t

中考再现：Paula is pleased that she her lost watch.

A. finds B. found C. has found D. will find

2. （be）full of 装满，充满 full 是形容词，满的

full 的延伸: 反义词：empty adj. 空的 hungry adj. 饿的

fill… with… 用…装满…

be filled with…装满（=be full of )

中考再现：If we study hard, our future will be hope.

A. because B. or so C. proud of D. full

3. 特殊疑问词+（名词）+动词不定式 中考再现： -- So beautiful flowers! I can’t decide for my mom. -----For Mother’s Day, it can’t be better to take some carnations(康乃馨). A. when to choose B. which to choose C. how to choose 4. already 和 yet 的区别： already 可以用在现在完成时或一般现在时的肯定句中，already 要位于助动 词或 be 动词之后，行为动词之前，还可以位于句尾 多用于现在完成时的否定句或疑问句中，yet 通常位于句尾 yet 中考再现：However, we have not found life on any other planets . A. already B. yet C. either D. ever

翻译：我已经做好这个飞机模型了

同根词：fill v. 使填满，使装满

5. hurry up 赶快，匆忙 其中 hurry 是动词，意为“赶快”，与 be quick 同义。 In a hurry 赶快 其中 hurry 是名词，意为“匆忙”。中考再现： ! There is little time left.

A. Hurry up B. Don’t worry C. Take it easy

6. else 可以用在 who, what, where 等词之后。 Eg.: Who else ordered steak? 还有谁要了牛排？

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拓展：else 还可以用在复合不定代词（如 something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody 等）之后。

Eg.: Would you like something else to drink?

中考再现: Believe yourself. You’re better than . You’re the best. Wish you success! A. anyone else B. someone else C. else anyone

7. name v. 意为“取名，命名”

我妈妈给我买了一条狗，我给它取名叫 Lucky。My mother bought me a dog and I

Lucky.

make sb. +adj.

8. make +宾语+宾补

make sb. + n.

在被动语态中，要把省略的to 还原，

即 be made to do sth.

make sb. +do sth. 中考再现：What happens when you hear a strange noise at night, or find a big spider in the corner of your bedroom? It often makes us . A. jump B. to jump C. jumping D. jumped

9. ever since then 从那以后 ever since 自从从那时起，我们就没有见过他。 We haven’t seen him .

10. It reminds sb. (that)… that 引导宾语从句，that 可以省略。 Eg. : It reminds us that health is much more important than money. laughter 作名词，意为“笑，笑声，通常做不可数名词。 我们无法忍受他是笑声。我觉得他好像在嘲笑我们。 We couldn’t stand I thought that he was us.

11. beauty 作名词，意为“美，美丽”，通常作不可数名词。

同根词：beautiful adj. 美的，美丽的 （和 pretty, good-looking 近义）

beautifully adv. 美丽地，完美地

12. million 是数词，意为“一百万”。加 “s”, 加 “of”

数词+million millions of ……百万 数以百万计的 Eg.: The expense added up to $10 million. 费用高达 1000 万美元。

There are millions of living things on the earth. 地球上有数以百万计的生物。 中考再现：It’s reported that there are more than 300 smokers in China, nearly a third of all the smokers in the world. A. million B. millions C. million of D. millions of

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重点难点全解

12. A. 现在完成时的用法：现在完成时用于描述过去发生是动作对现在的影响或结果。

Eg. : They have already finished the project. 他们已经完成了那个项目。 B. 现在完成时的句式变化 肯定句 主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 否定句 主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他？ 肯定答语 Yes, 主语+have/has 一般疑问句 否定答语 No, 主语+haven’t/hasn’t I have cleaned the room. I haven’t cleaned the room. Have you cleaned the room？ Yes, I have. No, I haven’t 中考再现：I the book Little Women, but I will let you read it first.

A. haven’t read B. don’t read C. won’t read

13. for example 和 for instance 用法一样，作“例如”讲，一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首，居 中或句末 作“例如”讲，用来列举同类人或事物中的“几个” such as The report is incomplete; it does not include sales in France, for example. 这份报告不完整，例如在法国的销售情况就没有包括进去。

Some of the European languages come from Latin, such as French, Italian and Spanish. 有些欧洲语言来源于拉丁语，例如法语、意大利语和西班牙语。

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Unite 9 Have you ever been to a museum?

1. 曾经到过某地，现在已经回来 have been to 去了某地，还没有回来，现在仍在某地或在途中 have gone to 在某地居住，可以和延续性的时间状语搭配 have been in I have been to the US twice. 我去过美国两次了。 You can’t see her because she has gone to Hainan.你见不到她，因为她去海南了。I have been in this city for about ten years. 我已经在这个城市居住近十年了。中考再现：I hear your dad Shanghai on business. Did he fly there?

Yes, but he will be home tomorrow. A. will go to B. has been to C. has gone to

2. somewhere 意为“在某处，到某处”，多用于肯定句中 anywhere 意为“任何地方”多用在否定句，疑问句以及条件状语从句中 意为“任何地方都不”，是否定句，相当于 not…anywhere nowhere everywhere 意为“所以地方，到处，处处” I have seen the book somewhere, but I don’t remember. 我曾经在什么地方看见过这本书，但是我记不清楚是在哪里了。 I can’t see it anywhere. 我哪儿也见不到它。 He had nowhere to go. 他没有什么地方可去。

Everywhere we went was full of tourists. 我们所到之处游客人头攒动。 3. It’s really interesting, isn’t it? 它很有趣，不是吗？

反义疑问句的特点是“前否后肯，前肯后否”，而且附加问句部分的动词在时态、人称或数等方面要与陈述部分的动词相呼应。回答反义疑问句和回答一般疑问句一样，肯定回答用“Yes, 主语+肯定结构”，否定回答用“No, 主语+否定结构”。

You don’t like classical music, do you? 你不喜欢古典音乐，对吗？ Yes, I do. 不，我喜欢。 No, I don’t. 是，我不喜欢。

如 果 陈 述 部 分 含 有 few, little, never, hardly, seldom 等否定词时，反义疑问句部分要用肯定结构。

注意：

She hardly goes swimming, does she? 中考再现：It’s Father’s Day today, ?

Yes, let’s buy a gift for Dad.

A. isn’t he B. doesn’t it C. isn’t it

4. invention 作名词，意为“发明，发明物”，可以作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词

同根词：invent v.发明 inventor n.发明家

5. believe v. 相信

believable adj. 可信的

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unbelievable adj. 难以置信的

make progress 取得进步

6. unusual 特别的，不同寻常的 usual 平常的，通常的

girl in white, do you know? 中考再现： Who

unusual and talented pianist. Yes, She is

A. the; an B. a; a C. a; an D. the; an

7. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事

8. peaceful adj. 和平的，安宁的

和平地，平静地

9. thousand 的用法： 基数词+thousand 表示“……千”，thousand 前有具体数字时，表示的是确切的数字概念，此时要用 thousand 的单数形式，其后 也不用 of thousand of 表示“成千上万的，数以几千的”，此时表示的是模糊的 数字概念 The company employs 30 thousand people. 这家公司雇用了三万名员工。 The flood took away thousands of lives. 洪水夺走了成千上万人的生命。 中考再现：It’s reported that over eight people lost in the earthquake in Nepal this year. A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of

peace n. 和平，平静

peacefully adv.

10. on the one hand…on the other hand… 一方面…… 另一方面……

11. 分数的表达方式：分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。分子为 1 时，分母用序数词的单数形式；分子大于 1 时，分母用序数词的复数形式。 one third 三分之一 two thirds 三分之二 four fifths 五分之四

注意：如果分数后面的名词是可数名词复数，主语被视为复数；如果后面的名词是不可数名词或可数名词单数，主语被视为单数。 中考再现： of the land in that district is covered with trees and grass. A. Fifth two B. Two fifth C. Fifth second D. Two fifth

12. have problem/trouble/difficulty doing sth. 做某事有困难

13. whether…or…用来引导让步状语从句，意为“不管是……还是……; 无论……还是……

Whether she wins or loses, this is her last chance. 不论她是赢还是输，这都是她最后一次机会。

注意：whether 还可以引导宾语从句，此时 whether 意为“是否”，同 if。如果在从句中和 or not 连用，则只能用 whether。 中考再现：I don’t know or not he will accept my invitation.

A. if B. whether C. who D. what

14. whenever 引导时间状语从句，意为“在任何时候”，还可以引导让步状语从

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句，此时相当于 no matter when, 意为“无论何时”。 wherever= no matter where 无论何地whoever= no matter who 无论何人however= no matter how 无论怎样whatever= no matter what 无论什么

中考再现：Tourists can choose to visit Kunming they like --- spring, summer, autumn or winter. A. whoever B. whatever C. whenever D. wherever

15. 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别

A .现在完成时和一般过去时都表示过去发生的动作。但现在完成时强调的是这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在造成的结果或影响等；而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不强调和现在的关系。

B. 一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的，能延续的时间状语连用，或没有时间状语。

一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week, …ago, in 1980, just now, in the past 等故去时间。

现在完成时的时间状语：since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until now, up to now, in the past two years/moths, already, recently, lately, once 等。 I have lost my new book. 我把我的新书丢了。（现在还未找到）

I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把我的新书丢了。（昨天丢的，现在找到与否没说明）

中考再现：So far they to speak German, French, Chinese and Arabic.

A. has learnt B. learnt C. have learnt D. learning

I cleaning my room. It’s clean now. Wow, when you it? A. have finished; did; finish B. finish; do; finish C. finished; do; finish D. have finished; have; finished

16. 意为“发明”，是发明或创造先前不曾存在的东西 invent 意为“发现；查明”，多指发现先前已经存在的东西 discover find out 意为“发现，查明”，同 discover, 多指发现某个事实、或者较 为抽象的东西 意为“发现，找到”，多指具体的物品，强调“找”的结果 find 意为“寻找；找”，强调“找”的过程 look for

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Unite 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.

1. how long 表示“多长时间”，对时间段进行提问，答语通常是 “for…”或 “since…”结构的时间段 how often 表示“多久一次”，对频率进行提问，答语通常是 usually, often 等表示频率的词，或者是 once a week, twice a week 等表示频率的 短语 how soon 表示“还要多久”，通常用在一般将来时中，答语通常是 in+时 间段 中考再现： have you stayed in Beijing? For more than five months. A. How often B. How long C. How far

2. since 引导时间状语从句，从句多用一般过去时，主句多用现在完成时。 e.g.: She has worked in a bank since she left school. 中考再现： Miss Lin has taught us English we came to this school.

A. for B. since C. before D. when

3. no longer(通常放在行为动词之前，be 动词之后)= not…any longer no

more= not…any more 都意为“不在”，但是当涉及数量和程度时，要用后者。e.g.: After her father died, she no longer went to school.

= After her father died, she didn’t go to school any longer. There is no more bread.

4. one’s+序数词+birthday “某人……岁生日”

on one’s +序数词+birthday “在某人……岁生日时” 中考再现：How many friends will come to your birthday? About . A. fifteen; fifteen B. fifteenth; fifteenth C. fifteen; fifteenth D. fifteenth; fifteen

5. to be honest 老实说，说实在的 to tell (you) the truth 说实话 to be frank 坦率地说 honest adj. 诚实的 honestly adv. 诚实地 honesty n. 诚实 dishonest adj. 不诚实的

中考再现：Peter returned the wallet to the police. He was honest boy.

A. a B. an C. the D. 不填

6. search 作动词时，意思是“搜查，搜寻”。是及物动词，后面直接跟被搜 的对象 search for 当没有“搜的对象”只有“寻找的目标”时，则要用 search for search…for 强调有具体搜查对象且有具体目标 Tom searched every room in the house. All night they searched for Mike.

She searched all the shops for Jim’s present.

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7. in the+序数词+century 在某世纪

in the+年代+of +the+序数词+century 在某个世纪某个年代在 20 世纪 in the twentieth century 在 20 世纪 90 年代 in the nineties of the twentieth century

8. according to 根据，按照，后接代词或名词 According to the radio, it will rain tomorrow.

especially 作副词, 意为“尤其，特别，格外”。 I love Rome, especially in the spring.

中考再现：Be careful when you are driving, in a rainstorm like this.

Thanks. I will

A. seriously B. exactly C. especially D. probably

consider v. 注视，仔细考虑 +n./doing sth. 考虑某事/做某事

We must consider the final results.

We are considering traveling to Europe.

中考再现：I don’t know where to go this summer vacation.

Why not visiting Huanggang? There are many places of interest. A. suggest B. wonder C. consider D. regard 重点难点全解

9. 现在完成时注意事项： A .如果单纯表示一段时间，或强调一段时间，虽有 since 从句（一般过去时），主句也可以不用现在完成时。

It is two years since his father died.

=His father has been dead for two years. B. 非延续性动词在完成时的否定式中已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和一段时间的状语连用。

I haven’t left here since 1997. 自从 1997 年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。常见的需要转换的动词： leave be away(from) begin be on buy have borrow keep die be dead be a member+介词短语 join become be open be open She left her hometown five years ago. =She has been away from her hometown for five years. 中考再现：

Amy, can we give away these soft toys? We them for five years. Mom, but I want to keep the bear.

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A. bought B. had C. have bought D. have had Premier ZhouEnlai for many years, but he still lives in the hearts of Chinese people. A. died B. was died C. has been died D. has been dead Mike from his hometown since ten years ago. A. left B. has left C. has been away D. will leave

10. between; among 的区别

between 是副词或介词，意为“在……之间”，一般指两者之间。 I sat down between Sue and Jane.

among 是介词, 指三者或三者以上之间。 There is a small house among the tall trees. 中考再现：The bank is the bookstore and the post office.

A. at the front of B. among C. between

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