四川省成都市石室中学2024届高三下学期二诊模拟考试英语含答案解析

英语试卷

满分150分 考试时间：120分钟

第I卷

第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are the speakers probably talking about? A. The bike price.

B. A bike race.

C. The man’s bike.

C. She wants to see him better. C. At 5:45. C. Talent. C. In a restaurant.

2. Why has the woman moved the boy’s seat? A. He talks too much. A. At 6:05. A. Effort. A. At home.

B. He has trouble in listening. B. At 6:00. B. Luck.

3. When did the man get his niece’s call?

4. What does the man think is most needed to succeed? 5. Where does the conversation probably take place?

B. In a shop.

第二节 (共15 小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6、7题。

6. What is the man going to do this summer? A. Work at a hotel.

B. Repair his house.

C. Teach a course. C. To buy books.

7. How will the man use the money? A. To hire a gardener.

B. To buy some flowers.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. What is the woman recommending to the man? A. A book.

B. A club.

C. A course. C. The Great Gatsby. C. About one month.

9. What is the woman reading now? A. The Beautiful Mind. A. About two weeks.

B. The Kite Runner.

10. How much time does the man have to read the book?

B. About three weeks.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How did the man learn about the apartment? A. In the newspaper. A. Gas.

B. From his friend. B. Electricity. B. On Friday.

C. Through the Internet. C. Water. C. On Saturday.

12. What is covered in the rent? 13. When can the man move in? A. On Thursday.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. Why did the woman fail to catch the bus? A. She was late.

B. The bus left earlier than usual. C. She wanted to walk home. 15. What is the man worried about? A. The woman’s safety. A. Buy a car.

B. The public transportation. B. Call the newspaper.

C. The dangerous neighborhood. C. Complain to the local government.

16. What does the woman decide to do in the end? 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. Cooling fans. A. Egypt. A. Wet plants.

B. Air conditioning. B. Rome.

C. Room design. C. China. C. Hand fans. C. A history book.

18. Which country might have invented the first cooling device? 19. Which cooling method has the longest history?

B. Cold water.

20. Where is the passage most probably taken from? A. A radio programme.

B. A culture magazine.

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Olympics Competition Schedule

The Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games will feature a record 33 competitions and 339 events held across 42 competition Below you will find the Olympic competition schedule. Simply tap on the icon for each schedule to see it in detail.

*The competition schedule was amended to reflect the new dates following the postponement of the Games and may venues.

be subject to change. Table as of 16 June 2021

Olympic Competition Schedule Friday 23 July

*All times in Japan Standard Time (JST)

*Opening Ceremony

*Archery Women’s Individual Ranking Round Date and Time: Friday 23 July 9:00 - 11:00

Date and Time: Friday 23 July 20:00- 23:00 *Rowing Men’s Individual Ranking Round Date and Time: Friday 23 July 8:30 - 12:10 Venues: Sea Forest Waterway A. 42.

B. 33.

Venues: Olympic StadiumVenues: Yumenoshima Park Archery Field

Date and Time: Friday 23 July 13:00 - 15:00 Venues: Yumenoshima Park Archery Field

D. 372.

D. On August 7th. D. Basketball.

21. How many gold medals are set for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics?

C. 339.

22. When will Artistic Gymnastics be held? A. On July 24th. A. Rowing.

B. On July 30th. B. Archery.

C. On August 5th. C. Swimming.

23. Which sport can you watch at 11:10 on July 23rd?

B

My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.

One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him—an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began.

A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.

I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realised that my biggest obstacle this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our action. 24. What does the underlined word “crippled” probably mean in the first paragraph? A. Created. B. Defeated. C. Enhanced. D. Damaged. 25. What is the drive of Alice’s first contact with Brown? A. Her inner desire for communication. C. Her newly-emerged will to change the world. 26. How has Alice changed since the first contact?

A. She has gained courage and skills to make public presentations. B. She has become confident enough to seize the opportunities. C. She has topped all the team members in protecting nature. D. She has become more patient to wait for the chances.

B. Her strong interest in wildlife. D. Her urgent demand for courage.

27. What has Alice learned from her experience? A. No one is perfect.

C. Good things come to those who wait.

B. Courage lightens the blow of fate. D. Action is worry’s worst enemy.

C

Zoologists studied the nervous systems of insects to investigate principles of biological brain computation and possible effects on machine learning and artificial intelligence. Specifically, they analysed how insects learn to associate sensory information in their environment with a food reward, and how they can recall this information later in order to solve complex tasks such as the search for food.

Living organisms show remarkable abilities in coping with problems posed by complex and dynamic environments. They are able to generalize their experiences in order to rapidly adapt their behaviour when the environment changes. The zoologists investigated how the nervous system of the fruit fly controls its behaviour when searching for food.

Using a computer model, they simulated(模拟) and analysed the computations in the fruit fly’s nervous system in response to scents coming from the food source. They initially trained their model of the fly brain in exactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the simulation together with a reward and a second scent without a reward.

“The model rapidly learns a strong representation of the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentations and is then able to find the source of this scent in a complex environment,” said computer scientist Dr Hannes Rapp, who created the model.

The model created is thus capable of generalizing from its memory and to apply what it has learned previously in a completely new and complex environment, while learning required only a very small database of training samples.

The results suggest that the transformation of sensory information into memories in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applications to solving complex tasks. 28. What is the aim of the research?

A. To analyse the application of biological brain computation principles. B. To seek promotion of machine learning and artificial intelligence. C. To shed light on how the nervous systems of insects work.

D. To uncover how insects apply sensory information in search of food. 29. Which statement about the research method is NOT TRUE? A. The researchers collected the data by using a computer model.

B. The researchers focused on how the fruit fly’s nervous system reacts to scents. C. The researchers trained the model in the same way as training fruit flies. D. The researchers presented two different scents to carry out a control experiment. 30. What do the results of the research imply?

A. Insects’ nervous systems are more sensitive to particular scents. B. Artificial intelligence is significant to biological brain research. C. Sensory information is widely applied in machine learning. D. Research on insect brain can contribute to AI development. 31. What is the main purpose of the text?

A. To present predictions about the future of machine learning. B. To illustrate the method and findings of a scientific study. C. To call on more research on insect brain and behavior.

D. To introduce a practical method of insect research.

D

Space is becoming more crowded. On December 3, a Falcon 9 rocket made by Space X thundered into the sky. On board were small satellites, more than any American company had launched before in one go. They have a variety of uses, from space-based-radar to the monitoring of radio-frequency-emissions. They will be working in their orbits(轨道).

These objects are part of the latest breed of low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites. This launch is just taste of what is planned. Space X and One Web, a communications firm, plan to launch satellites in their thousands, not hundreds. The pair are set to double the total number of satellites in orbit by 2027.

That promises to change things dramatically on Earth. LEO satellites can bring internet connectivity to places where it is still unavailable or unaffordable. This will also be a lasting source of new demand for the space economy. Morgan Stanley, a bank, projects that the space industry will grow from $350 billion in 2016 to more than $1.1 trillion by 2040. New internet satellites will account for a half this increase.

For that to happen, however, three worries must be overcome. Debris(碎片) is the most familiar concern. As long ago as 1978, Donald Kessler, a scientist at NASA, proposed a situation in which, when enough satellites were packed into low-Earth orbits, any collision could cause a chain reaction which would eventually destroy all space craft in the same orbital plane. The syndrome which bears Mr. Kessler’s name weighs heavily on the minds of executives at the new satellite firms. Debris could cause entire tracts(广阔的一片) of space to be unusable for decades.

Solutions exist. One is to grab malfunction satellites and pull them down into Earth’s atmosphere. Another is to monitor space more intensively for debris; a US Air Force program me called Space Fence is due to start in 2019. But technology is only part of the answer. Rules are needed to govern the safe disposal of old satellites from low-Earth orbit.

Cyber-security is a second, long-standing worry. Hackers could take control of a satellite and seal intellectual property, redirect data flows or cause a collision. The satellite industry has been slow to respond to such concerns. But as more of the world’s population comes to rely on the infrastructure of space for access to the internet, the need for action intensifies.

The third issue follows from the first two. If a simple mistake or a cyber-attack can cause a chain reaction which wipes out hundreds of billions of dollars of investment, who is liable? Underwriters(承保商) are studying the plans of firms (quite a lot) that wish to operate large numbers of satellites. But there is a long way to go before the risks are well understood, let alone priced.

As space becomes more commercialized, mind-bending prospects open up: packages moved across the planet in minutes by rocket rather than by plane, equipment sent to other small planets, passengers launched into orbit and beyond. All that and more may come, one day. But such activities would raise the same questions as LEO satellites do. They must be answered before the space economy can truly develop.

32. What information can we get about LEO satellites from the passage? A. They are supposed to regulate the space economy. B. They are expected to increase in large numbers.

C. They are intended to bring internet connectivity to remote areas. D. They are designed to move beyond the Earth as far as possible. 33. What does the underlined word “plane” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Aircraft.

B. Surface. C. Flight.

D. Entrance.

34. Which of the following can be classified as the third worry? A. Lack of satellite industry regulations. C. Crisis of confidence in the field.

B. Loss of intellectual property. D. Slow response to satellite industry.

35. What is the author’s attitude toward the launch of LEO satellites? A. It should be further confirmed for its ownership. B. It should be continued because of its advantages. C. It should be done carefully to avoid potential risks. D. It should be stopped in the face of the space economy.

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The information age has reached a critical point, with AI’s superior computation ability surpassing that of humans. A report released by Goldman Sachs in March 2023 estimated that AI is capable of doing a quarter of all the work currently done by humans. 36 It would not just happen to individuals, but it could be pretty systematic. Across the European Union and US, the report further notes, 300 million jobs are expected to be lost to automation.

37 According to Martin Ford, author of Rule of the Robots: How Artificial Intelligence Will Transform Everything, three categories are going to be relatively secure in the foreseeable future. 38 That means you’re not doing formulaic (程式化的) work or just rearranging things, but generating new ideas. For example, in the field of science, where your job is coming up with a novel strategy or solution, there’s going to be a place for human beings.

The second category is jobs that require sophisticated interpersonal relationships like nurses, business consultants and investigative journalists. These are jobs where you need a very deep understanding of people. 39

The third safe zone includes jobs that really require lots of mobility and problem-solving ability in unpredictable environments. Electricians, plumbers, welders(焊工) and the like all fall under this umbrella, where you’re dealing with different situations all the time.

In short, seeking roles in dynamic, shifting environments that include unpredictable tasks is good way to avoid job loss to AI, at least, for a while. It’s important to note that an advanced education is not a defense against AI takeover. In many cases, more educated workers are going to be more threatened than even the least educated workers. 40 It’s really hard to automate that job. A. That could be terrible.

B. However, they are not coming for all jobs. C. Thankfully, there are still things AI isn’t capable of. D. The first would be jobs that are genuinely creative. E. Think of the person that cleans hotel rooms.

F. That doesn’t necessarily mean all jobs that are considered “creative” are safe. G. It’ll be a long time before AI has the ability to really build relationships and interact.

第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)

第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

On a clear afternoon in late October a few years ago, I stood underneath a giant overhanging cliff near my hometown, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The scenery that day was particularly 41 , with deer chewing on the brown grasses by the river below, and hawks 42 the wind.

I was tied in, ready to 43 . I was attempting to do a tough route for the first time. “Onsight”(首次攀登), as we call it, means I didn’t know where I was climbing to. It would be a hard try for me to onsight such a difficult route. What I need is focus. No 44 . Just as I was about to climb, 45 in my body, which I hadn’t felt yet, woke up and said hello to me. That was a terrible sign for any athlete. Desperate as I felt, I painted a coat of 46 on my inner walls of doubt to ease my tension. I 47 myself at the top, celebrating. “You can do this,” I 48 told myself. “If you believe, success is for sure.”

It didn’t work. 49 , I fell near the top. Defeated, I lowered myself to the ground and realized immediately that the too strong desire to climb the route had 50 me from doing it.

My self-worth was closely 51 at that unnatural moment with my success or failure, which 52 a chain of reaction: unnatural desire, pressure, performance anxiety. I had just climbed with a mind fascinated with the top but a body 53 below with irregular and unnatural movement.

I told myself that on my next , success or failure didn’t matter. “Just make one move at a time.” I gave myself a pass for whatever would happen. Case closed, it 55 . I floated to the top with grace, clarity and 56 .

That moment got me thinking, and then researching. At some point, I concluded this experience 57 simple arithmetic(算术): When I 58 (determination, self-confidence, desire), I failed; when I took away (the desire for success); my body moved with greater 59 and I made it. As an athlete of 30 years, I discovered the 60 of subtraction(减法) for the very first time. 41. A. brain-washing 42. A. riding 43. A. paddle 45. A. voices 47. A. doubted 48. A. suddenly 49. A. However 50. A. sheltered 51. A. combined 52. A. set about 53. A. expecting . A. attempt 55. A. ensured 56. A. flow

57. A. ahead of 58. A. added 59. A. capability 60. A. affection

B. breath-taking B. driving B. float B. spirits B. wished B. Instead B. rescued

C. mind-bending C. blowing C. crawl C. nerves C. pictured C. Though

D. heart-breaking D. controlling D. climb D. distraction D. tissues D. consideration D. supposed D. firmly D. Otherwise D. avoided D. contrasted D. left out D. struggling D. training D. worked D. awareness D. regardless of D. devoted D. reliance D. status

44. A. motivation 46. A. confidence

B. inspiration B. confusion B. respectively

C. hesitation

C. consciousness C. genuinely C. discouraged C. compared C. gave out C. resisting C. routine C. revealed C. balance

B. contacted B. imagining B. test

B. occurred

B. brought about

B. contentment B. for fear of B. blocked B. power

B. frequency

C. in terms of C. contributed C. naturalness C. source

第II卷

第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The English Channel crossing, one of the most famous global swimming challenges, 61 (refer) to as the peak of endurance swimming.

A relay team of winter swimming 62 (enthusiasm) from Wenzhou, Zhejiang province, swam the English Channel in less than 12 hours on Friday. They 63 (choose) to swim the shortest route across the channel, the 33.8 kilometers from Dover in the UK to Cap Gris Nez, a cape near Calais in France.

In fact, the team took exactly 11 hours and minutes to make the crossing, (swim) more than 50 km to

avoid obstacles and strong currents. During the team’s crossing, each team member swam 65 at least an hour before alternating until they reached France.

Xie Derong, a member of the team, said that although the relay went 66 (smooth) for the most part, the final 6 km proved to be an enormous test of 67 (they) endurance. “We encountered counter currents that caused us 68 (slow) down.”

69 idea of crossing the English Channel first came to them in 2019. Training started several weeks before Friday’s swim in the Sanqi Reservoir in Wencheng county, 70 the water temperature was similar to the English Channel.

第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

In recent years many flowers shops have been appeared in our small town. It is common for people to buy flowers when they go to a gathering, visiting a friend, or attend a party. Last winter vacation, I was about to leave a flower shop that a disabled boy caught my attention. I still remembered clear that the disabled boy, owing his entire life to his mother, presented some flowers to his mother to express his gratitude to her. With her kindness and care he would not have had the confidence and courage to fight his disability. As the result of the great effort he had made, he was finally admitted a key university in advance. What a moved moment!

第二节 书面表达(满分25分)

假定你是校学生会李华。你校将在英语周期间演出短剧《岳飞》，请写一封邮件邀请外教Sue观看。内容包括：

1. 时间与地点； 2. 内容与意义。 注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sue,

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua

成都石室中学2023—2024学年度下期高2024届二诊模拟考试

英语参

第一部分 听力理解

1-5 CACBC 6-10 ACBBA 11-15 BACBA 16-20 CBACA 第二部分 阅读理解 第一节

21-23 CAA 24-27 DCBD 28-31 BDDB 32-35 BBAC 第二节

36-40 ACDGE

第三部分 英语知识运用 第一节 完形填空

41-45 BADDC 46-50 ACDBC 51-55 ABDAD 56-60 BCACB 第二节 语法填空 61. is referred 62. enthusiasts 63. chose . swimming 65. for 66. smoothly 67. their 68. to slow 69. The 70. where 第四部分 写作 第一节 短文改错

In recent years many flowers shops have been appeared in our small town. It is common for people to buy flowers when flower

they go to a gathering, visiting a friend, or attend a party. Last winter vacation, I was about to leave a flower shop that a visit when

disabled boy caught my attention. I still remembered clear that the disabled boy, owing his entire life to his mother, clearly

presented some flowers to his mother to express his gratitude to her. With her kindness and care he would not have had the Without

confidence and courage to fight his disability. As the result of the great effort he had made, he was finally admitted∧a key or a to/into university in advance. What a moved moment! moving 第二节 书面表达 A suggested version:

Dear Sue,

I am Li Hua, chairman of the School Union. Our school is going to stage an English version of the traditional play---Yue Fei during the approaching English Weekly. I’m writing to invite you to enjoy it.

As arranged, the performance is scheduled to take place at 8:00 p.m. this Sunday in the school hall.

The play mainly deals with Yue Fei’s life stories in which he is a national hero and shows lifelong devotion and loyalty to his country by defending the people from being invaded by the ethnic minority called Jin. Finally, much to our grief, he ends up being killed by the emperor. The significance of this play is in honour of the hero and to show our Chinese people’s firm determination to defend our country and people against foreign invasion.

I was wondering if you would come. I am looking forward to your reply.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua 评分标准：开头 3分；时间地点 4分；内容 6分；意义 5分；结尾2分；书写 5分

成都石室中学2023—2024学年度下期高2024届二诊模拟考试

答案详解

第一部分 听力理解

1-5 CACBC 6-10 ACBBA 11-15 BACBA 16-20 CBACA 听力原稿： (Text 1)

W: Wow! Your dad did a great job! He made the oldest bike in town look new. (1) People may think your bike is more expensive than mine. (1) M: You know it goes faster than your bike now. (1) W: I don’t think so. Let’s race and see. (Text 2)

M: Mrs. Sophie? Why has my seat been moved to the front row? Everyone else is sitting in their original seats.

W: If you choose to talk in class instead of listening, (2) your seat will be moved closer to me so I can see you better. (Text 3)

M: Maria, I need to meet my niece at the railway station at 6:20. She called me a quarter ago. (3) I just had an emergency meeting.

W: Oh, it’s 6:00 now. (3) 20 minute to go. M: That is enough. (Text 4)

W: Robert, which do you think you need more of, luck, talent or effort to succeed in the arts?

M: In my opinion, you need the opportunity to succeed and not everyone gets the right opportunity (4) even if they’re really talented and devoted. (Text 5)

M: Now you can begin taking the plates to the customers. (5) Well, don’t carry too many plates. (5) You may drop them. (5)

W: Oh, I won’t. I’ve never dropped plates in my life. (5) M: You can’t be too careful. W: Well, I’ll try my best. (Text 6)

M: Guess what I’ll be doing this summer? W: What?

M: I’m going to work at the Churchill Hotel. (6) W: What exactly will you be doing there?

M: Let’s see. I’ll be doing some small repairs inside and outside the hotel. (6) I’ll be cutting grass and taking care of the flowers.

W: Sounds interesting. What’s the pay?

M: Well, uh... about twenty dollars per hour, five hours a day, and Sunday free. W: That’s good money. What are you going to do with it? M: I’ll pay for the textbooks for next semester. (7) (Text 7)

W: Hey, John? Can I talk to you for a minute? M: Sure. What’s up?

W: I want to let you know about a book club I joined months ago. (8) I know you do a lot of reading, so I thought you might want to come with me next month.

M: Oh! That sounds like fun. When does the group meet?

W: Usually the last Saturday of the month, at 7:30 in the evening. Is that too late for you? M: No, I think that’s okay. What do you talk about in the group?

W: Well. Every month we choose a new book, and then during the next meeting we discuss it. M: What books have you read?

W: Quite a lot. Recently we have read The Beautiful Mind and The Great Gatsby. Now we are reading The Kite Runner. (9)

M: The Kite Runner? I’ve heard that’s a good book. What’s it about?

W: It’s about two boy who grow up in Afghanistan in the 1980s and how their friendship shapes the rest of their lives. M: That sounds interesting. I’d love to come.

W: Great! The next meeting will be held in half a month, so you still have time to read the book. (10) (Text 8)

M: Good afternoon, madam. My friend saw the information in the newspaper that you might have a spare apartment and told me on Friday. (11)

W: Yes, I have a spare apartment for rent. M: Would it be OK to look at it now? W: OK. Come in please.

M: Emm … This apartment looks nice and quite new. The living room is really large. W: It’s forty square meters. M: How much should I pay? W: $800 a month.

M: What are included? (12)

W: Only gas is included. (12) You have to pay for the electricity and water.

M: Er, can you cut down a little? I’ve searched a lot on the Internet, and there wasn’t so much high rent. W: As you can see, the apartment has recently been redecorated and completely furnished. M: Well, that’s it. When can I move in?

W: Let me see. Today is Wednesday. In three days if you like. (13) M: That’s great. (Text 9)

M: Why did you get home so late, Enya? I was worried sick!

W: I had everything timed perfectly. I sat in the coffee shop, waiting for Bus 35. It is supposed to leave at 4:45 sharp. (14) I take it every day at that time because it arrives at the Waterloo Station just in time for me to catch Bus 15. M: And you lost track of time, didn’t you? (14)

W: No, Ken, not this time. I was at the bus stop on time, and I was picking up my bag and getting to my feet at 4:35. I was two feet from the bus when it suddenly left! (14) M: Ten minutes early? (14)

W: Yes. (14) So, I had to wait thirty minutes for the next bus. By then, there were no more buses leaving from Waterloo. M: How did you get here, then?

W: I walked. Can you imagine — me, a young woman, walking in the dark for an hour by alone? M: And in this neighborhood! Next time, please call me. That was so dangerous. (15) W: I know. I’m lucky to be alive. (15) What’s wrong with the public transportation in this city? Don’t they care about people who can’t afford cars?

M: We should write a letter to our local officials. (16) W: And the newspaper! (16) (Text 10)

The desire to stay cool is, of course, nothing new.

The ancient Egyptians and Romans employed various techniques to cool down their buildings from the outside heat. Some people have even claimed that the first air conditioning device was invented in ancient Egypt. (17) (18) The ancient Egyptians would hang wet plants outside their windows, and when the air came into the house, it would be cooled by the cool water drops on the plants.

The Romans understood that if they could bring cold water under their houses, then the temperature inside would fall. And if we really stretch the meaning of the phrase “air conditioning”, (17) then hand fans have been used since the very beginning of the history. (19) People realized that they could move air by waving something and it would cool them down for a while.

The Chinese inventor Ding Huan went a step further in the second century and invented a fan that could go around, similar to fans we might see today, although it was powered by servants.

That’s all for today. Please stay tuned for more updates. (20) 第二部分 阅读理解 第一节 阅读理解A 21-23 CAA

本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2020年东京奥运会的基本情况和赛事安排。

21. C细节理解题。根据 “The Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games will feature a record 33 competitions and 339 events held across 42 competition venues.” 可知有339个项目的比赛，所以金牌数量也是339个，故选C。 22. A细节理解题。根据表格中Artistic Gymnastics所在行July 24 SAT—29THU和August 1SUN-3TUE可知艺术体操的举办时间, 结合选项可知，故选A。

23. A细节理解题。根据倒数第三行 “*Rowing Men's Individual Ranking Round” 和倒数第二行 “Date and Time: Friday 23 July 8:30 - 12:10” 可知，故选A。 阅读理解B 24-27 DCBD

本文是一篇记叙文。Alice因为过于追求完美而被焦虑情绪困扰。一天，她听了野生动物保护者Brown的一场演说，深受启发并萌生了兴趣。以此为契机，她开始抓住每一次机会积极参与活动，变得越来越自信。通过此事，Alice领悟到是内心对自己的否定阻碍了自己前进，应该抓住每次机会，及时采取行动，而非一直 “耐心” 等待，坐看机会流逝。

24. D词义猜测题。根据后文 “我感觉乌云笼罩。将近一年我挣扎着，一直盯着眼前这面墙” 可知，我无法很好地完成事情，因此困扰我的焦虑情绪 “损害了我做事的能力”，故选D。 25. C细节理解题。根据第二段 “His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world.” 可知Brown的演讲让Alice内心产生了改变世界的渴望，故选C。

26. B细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，曾经的自己会让适时的机会流逝，而现在这个全新且自信的Alice满腔热情地抓住了机会，故选B。

27. D推理判断题。从文章最后一段可知，Alice将自己最大的障碍归结于自己内心 “我不行” 的声音，尽管人们说 “好事情发生在愿意等待的人身上”，Alice却认为要尽力抓住每次机会，要 “没有耐心”，及时采取行动。全文最后一句点明行动的重要性，故选D，行动是忧虑最大的敌人。 阅读理解C 28-31 BDDB

本文是一篇说明文。昆虫的神经系统能获取并将感官性信息转换为记忆，控制其行为来完成如觅食这样的复杂任务，动物学家通过研究这一过程，寻求其对未来机器学习和人工智能的启发。

28. B细节理解题。根据第一段 “Zoologists studied the nervous systems of insects to investigate principles of biological brain computation and possible effects on machine learning and artificial intelligence.” 可知，动物学家研究昆虫神经系统的目的是研究生物大脑计算的原理和对机器学习及人工智能的可能影响，故选B。

29. D细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句 “They presented a specific scent in the simulation together with a reward and a second scent without a reward.” 可知，研究过程中确实使用了两种气味，但研究方法并非对照实验，而只是测试该模型对于有奖励的气味的反应，故选D。

30. D推理判断题。由最后一段可知，本研究的结果表明，大脑中感官性信息转换为记忆能够启示未来机器学习和人工智能在解决复杂任务中的运用，说明对昆虫大脑的研究能促进人工智能的发展，故选D。

31. B主旨大意题。本文全文皆在介绍一项研究，从研究目的到研究方法，再到研究结果，故选B。 阅读理解D 32-35 BBAC

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了低地球轨道(LEO)卫星计划和该计划面临的几个问题。 32. B推理判断题。根据第二自然段 “These objects are part of the latest breed of low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites…Space X and One Web, a communications firm, plan to launch satellites in their thousands, not hundreds.” 可知还会有更多的低地球轨道(LEO)卫星要发射，故选B项。

33. B词义猜测题。根据本句 “…, any collision could cause a chain reaction which would eventually destroy all space craft” 可知一旦相撞会产生连锁反应因而摧毁同轨道层面的所有飞行器，故选B项。

34. A推理判断题。根据第七自然段中 “If a simple mistake or a cyber-attack can cause a chain reaction which wipes out hundreds of billions of dollars of investment, who is liable?” 和 “Underwriters(保险商) are studying the plans of firms…there is a long way to go before the risks are well understood, let alone priced.” 可知对于低地球轨道(LEO)卫星网络发生事故后的责任划分问题不明确，保险商对这种情况的风险评估也未完成。说明卫星产业市场的相关法规制度并不完善，故选A项。 35. C主旨大意题。根据最后一个自然段中 “But such activities would raise the same questions as LEO satellites do. They must be answered before the space economy can truly develop.” 可知作者认为很多问题尚未解决，所以对于LEO卫星的发射需要慎重，故选C项。 第二节

36-40 ACDGE

本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些人工智能无法做到的工作。

36. A上文提到某集团2023年3月的一份报告估计，人工智能可以完成目前人类所做工作的四分之一，以及下文提到的这不仅会发生在个人身上，而且可能是相当系统性的，说明 “这太可怕了”，故选A。

37. C上文提到人工智能能够完成大约四分之一人类目前所做的工作，下文依次列举了人工智能无法做到的三大类工作，故选C，“谢天谢地，还有一些事情是人工智能无法做到的”。

38. D根据上文There are generally three categories和下文The second…the third 可知，“首先是真正有创造力的工作” 承接上文，并引出之后两段的另外两种工作，故选D。

39. G根据文意第二类是需要复杂人际关系的工作，如护士、商业顾问和调查记者。在这些工作中，你需要对人有非常深入的了解，说明第二类工作相对安全是因为它们需要对人有深入的了解，G项 “人工智能还需要很长时间才能真正建立关系和互动。” 进一步解释第二类工作可能不受人工智能威胁的原因，故选G。

40. E在许多情况下，受教育程度更高的工人将比受教育程度最低的工人受到更大的威胁，E项 “想想那个打扫酒店房间的人吧。” 举例说明具体的不需要高学历的工作，下文 “It’s really hard to automate that job. (要使那项工作自动化真的很难)” 中it指代空处提及的工作，说明使酒店打扫工作自动化很难，即受到人工智能的威胁小，E项承上启下，符合题意，故选E。

第三部分 英语知识运用 第一节 完形填空

41-45 BADDC 46-50 ACDBC 51-55 ABDAD 56-60 BCACB

本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在家乡附近的一处悬崖下准备攀岩，第一次尝试攀登一条很难的路线。他在攀登之前感到紧张，但随后通过减少对成功的渴望，获得了自我控制和清晰的目标，并最终成功。这让他意识到了减法的力量。

41. B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“那天的景色尤为令人叹为观止。” A. brain-washing的；B. breath-taking壮观的；C. mind-bending令人费解的；D. heart-breaking令人伤心的，故选B。

42. A考查动词词义辨析。句意：“鹰在空中盘旋”。ride“借着气流在空中漂浮”，故选A。 43. D考查动词词义辨析。根据下文，我身上绑好绳索/保险绳，准备攀爬（首次攀登）。paddle “划船”；float “漂浮”；crawl “爬行”，故选D。

44. D考查名词词义辨析。根据上文 “What I need is focus.” 可知，此时我需要全神贯注，不要分心。 motivation “动力”；inspiration “灵感”；hesitation “犹豫”，故选D。

45. C考查名词词义辨析。考查名词词义辨析。句意：“就在我打算要爬上去的时候，我身体里自己并未察觉到的神经苏醒了。” 根据下文Desperate as I felt, I painted a coat of 46 on my inner walls of doubt to ease my tension. 这里应该是指作者在行动前，不自觉地感到了紧张。nerves除了指人体内的神经，也可以指人的担忧、害怕的情绪，tissues指身体组织，故选C。

46. A考查名词词义辨析。句意：“尽管感到绝望，我在自己内心里那道怀疑的墙壁上涂上了一层自信的外衣，以缓解我的紧张。” confusion “迷惑”；consciousness “意识”；consideration“考虑”，故选A。 47. C考查动词词义辨析。根据上文可知，作者还没有开始攀爬，由此可知，下文的 “… myself at the top, celebrating.” 都是作者想象出来的。 picture “想象”，故选C。

48. D考查副词词义辨析。根据上文可知，作者在开始爬山之前，告诉自己，只要相信自己成功，那么成功就是肯定的。suddenly “突然地”；respectively “各自地”；genuinely “真诚地”；firmly “坚定地”，故选D。

49. B考查副词词义辨析。根据上下文，尽管我内心铺垫了很久，却并不管用，事实上，我摔了下来。however “然而”，otherwise “否则，另外”；though “可是，然而”；instead “代替，顶替”，故选B。

50. C考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我失败了，趴在地上，很快意识到，我想要攀爬这条路线的欲望太强烈了，这反而让我未能成功”。shelter “庇护”；rescue “挽救”；avoided “避免”。discourage sb. from doing…，意为 “使某人未能做某事”，故选C。

51. A考查动词词义辨析。combine “结合”；contact “联系”；compare “比较，contrast “对比”。比喻”；根据后文的 “with my success or failure” 以及上文作者的自我剖析可知，作者的自我价值和成败与否结合在一起了。固定搭配combine...with “把……和……结合”，故选A。

52. B考查动词短语辨析。句意：“在那个不自然时刻，我的自我价值与我的成功或失败紧密地联系在一起，这引起了一系列反应：不自然的欲望、压力、表现焦虑。” bring about “引起”；set about “开始做…”；give out “分发，公布”；leave out “省略，忽略”，故选B。

53. D考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我刚才在攀登时，思想上有着对山顶的迷恋，但我的身体却挣扎着做出不自然和不规则的动作。” 根据上文作者摔倒在地可知，空白处指的是作者的身体还在悬崖之下挣扎着，其实并没有做好充

分的准备。expect “预期，期望”；imagine “想象”；resist “抵抗”；struggle “挣扎”，故选D。

. A考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，作者第一次尝试以失败告终。他告诉自己在下一次的尝试中，不要那么在乎成功或失败，允许所有的可能发生。attempt “尝试”；test “测试”；routine “例行公事”；training “训练”，故选A。

55. D考查动词词义辨析。根据下文 “I floated to the top with grace, clarity and ….” 可知，作者的方法奏效了。ensure “确保”；occur “发生”；reveal “揭露”；work “起作用”，故选D。

56. B考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文，作者成功了，“我以…的方式登上了山顶”。flow “流动，流量”；contentment “满足”；balance “平衡”；awareness “意识”，故选B。

57. C考查介词短语辨析。句意：“在某种程度上，我从简单的算术这个角度构建这段经历：…”。ahead of “在…前面”；for fear of “为了避免，唯恐”；in terms of “以…的角度”；regardless of “不顾”，故选C。

58. A考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文，“当我……（决心、自信、欲望）时，我失败了；当我减去（对成功的渴望）

” add “增加”；block “阻塞”；contribute “做贡献”；devote “奉献”，时，我的身体会更加……，而且我的表现也会提高。

故选A。

59. C考查名词词义辨析。根据上文 “My self-worth was closely 51 at that unnatural moment with my success or failure” 以及 “I had just climbed with a mind fascinated with the top but a body 53 below with irregular and unnatural movement.” 可知，作者觉得失败的时候，自己的身体会非常不自然。由此可推测，作者成功时，身体应该是自然的状态。capability “能力”；frequency “频率”；reliance “依赖”，故选C。

60. D考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我发现了减法的力量。” affection “关爱，喜爱”；source “来源，源头”；status “地位”；power “力量”，故选D。

第二节 语法填空 61. is referred 62. enthusiasts 63. chose . swimming 65. for 66. smoothly 67. their 68. to slow 69. The 70. where

本文为一则新闻报道，主要介绍了一个来自浙江温州的四人团队，用接力的方式游泳穿越英吉利海峡的事迹。 61. is referred, 考查谓语动词的时态、语态。refer to… as…意思是 “把…视为/当做…”。该句意是“英吉利海峡被认为/被视为…”，这是常识性的客观事实，故使用一般现在时的被动语态。

62. enthusiasts ，考察名词单复数，enthusiast为“热心/喜好某事的人”，前文是a team of…，所以用复数形式。

63. chose, 考查谓语动词的时态，根据上句的swam… on Friday可知，这是周五发生的事情，对于当时的过程进行描述，都应使用一般过去时。

. swimming, 考查非谓语的用法，该句前文主谓结构齐全，the team took…, 所以swimming是指在主语the team发出的、与谓语动词took同时进行的另一个动作。

65. for, 考查介词用法，“每个队员至少游一个小时”， for +一段时间。 66. smoothly, 考查副词，go smoothly/ well/ fine是指“进展顺利”。

67. their，考查代词，根据句意，其中一位队员提到，最后的6公里是对他们耐力的巨大考验。 68. to slow，考查不定式，cause sb./ sth. to do “导致某人做某事”。

69. The，考查冠词，根据下文可知，“这个穿越英吉利海峡的想法最初是他们在2019年想到的”，the idea of…有特指的意思。

70. where，考查定语从句，根据上文可知，“他们在一个水库训练，那个地方是…”，所以该从句修饰的是先行词the Sanqi Reservoir，从句中主谓结构齐全，先行词在从句中做地点状语。“在那个水库，那里的水温与英吉利海峡的水温接近”。

第四部分 写作 第一节 短文改错

1. flowers改为flower, 名词作定语时，一般用单数。 2.去掉been，appear无被动。

3. visiting改为visit, when they go to a gathering, visit …or attend…并列关系。

4. that改为when, 引导时间状语从句，意为：正要离开的时候，一位男孩引起了我的注意。 5. clear改为clearly，修饰remembered。

6. With 改为Without，“要不是”，与后文语意连贯。

7. and改为or，要不是有妈妈的爱心和照顾，他不会拥有和残疾抗争的信心或者勇气，故用or。 8. the 改为a，固定搭配。As a result of…由于

9.在admitted后加to/into，be admitted to/into被录取。 10. moved改为moving，做定语修饰moment。 第二节 书面表达 A suggested version: Dear Sue,

I am Li Hua, chairman of the School Union. Our school is going to stage an English version of the traditional play---Yue Fei during the approaching English Weekly. I’m writing to invite you to enjoy it.

As arranged, the performance is scheduled to take place at 8:00 p.m. this Sunday in the school hall.

The play mainly deals with Yue Fei’s life stories in which he is a national hero and shows lifelong devotion and loyalty to his country by defending the people from being invaded by the ethnic minority called Jin. Finally, much to our grief, he ends up being killed by the emperor. The significance of this play is in honour of the hero and to show our Chinese people’s firm determination to defend our country and people against foreign invasion.

I was wondering if you would come. I am looking forward to your reply.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua 评分标准：开头 3分；时间地点 4分；内容 6分；意义 5分；结尾2分；书写 5分