CATTI三级笔译实务模拟题2020年(10)
(总分100,考试时间180分钟)
English-Chinese Translation
1. 1.According to the newly released Global Nutrition Report, malnutrition has become a worldwide problem, costing over $3 trillion per year. Data shows that Americans have either worsened the situation or made no progress on obesity, diabetes, and anemia in women of reproductive age. \"The figures call for immediate action,\" an expert said. It's generally accepted that being overweight is a costly health care problem, but new data suggests that being undernourished is even more expensive.
Around the world, malnutrition has become a problem that costs a staggering $3.5 trillion per year, according figures cited by the latest Global Nutrition Report, which gives a comprehensive analysis of food and nutrition issues each year. That sum dwarfs the costs of being overweight and obese, which the report's authors tallied at $500 billion annually. Although most countries have fallen short in their efforts to address poor nutrition and food insecurity, the United States appears to be badly off track on all its nutrition targets, the report found. The world's largest economy continues to suffer from high rates of obesity, diabetes and anemia, according to the data, and has more than a million overweight children.
\"Malnutrition is responsible for more ill-health than any other cause. The health consequences of overweight and obesity contribute to an estimated four million deaths globally,\" Corinna Hawkes, co-chair of the Global Nutrition Report and director of the Center for Food Policy, wrote in the report. The dire figures \"call for immediate action,\" Hawkes said.
According to the study, most countries have at least two issues related to malnutrition. The most prevalent issues are children who are either overweight, anemic, or suffer from stunted growth. Overall, malnutrition contributes to about half of all childhood deaths, the research showed. India has the highest number of malnourished children in the world. Many of them are \"stunted,\" meaning they are too short for their age. Their height is a, visible sign that not only their bones are not getting enough nutrients, but also their brains, indicating their hampered ability to learn.
Lucy Sullivan, executive director of 1000 Days and co-chair the Global Nutrition Report Stakeholder Group, said that stunted children do not do well in school. Down the road, those affected may not be able to get as good of a job as they could have, had they been well-fed. Sullivan added that it also prevents them from being able to contribute to society, and the economy, as well as they would have in a healthier environment. A big part of the problem are eating and lifestyle choices, according to experts. North America alone purchases some of the highest volumes of packaged foods, the Global Nutrition Report found, and 66 percent of them are of low nutritional quality.
These data aren't all bad: Figures from 2003 to 2014 showed that obesity rates in the United States have begun to plateau, after having tripled since the 1970s. In the past five years, more than 35 U.S. jurisdictions have reported small declines in obesity. Yet an undeniable conclusion of the report is that poor eating habits have knocked the U.S. off course in its battle against malnutrition and obesity. China also has a growing obesity problem, in addition to having the second-largest undernourished population, the data showed. Policymakers are realizing they need to take action, in part because malnutrition is leading to major economic consequences, according to Sullivan. She hopes steps will be taken in order to help malnourished people worldwide. \"The return on investment is so high,\" she said.
Chinese-English Translation
2. 2.肿瘤已经成为我国致死疾病的头号凶手，根据国家癌症中心最新发布的中国恶性肿瘤发病和死亡分析报告，2014年我国平均每分钟就有7人被确诊患癌、4人死亡。但目前我国癌症患者难以在国内获得最新的抗癌药品，出国寻药还需为此承担高昂的费用。 抗癌药品零关税政策出台之后，公众普遍认为这一利好政策将有助于降低进口抗癌药品价格。但正如史立臣所言，即便跨国企业能够享受到零关税政策，是否能够确保企业采取降价行为，尚未可知。“零关税政策与药企是否降价没有直接关系。”史立臣建议，政府要首先确定药企降价，才可给予零关税政策。 其实，我国抗癌药进口关税税率并不是造成抗癌药价高昂的直接原因。根据财政部2017年最新关税税率政策，我国进口药品最惠国税率为2％一4％。此外，自2017年1月起执行的《2017年关税调整方案》已经对部分药品原料的进口关税调整为0。尽管这一政策能够降低企业生产成本，但很难保证药企会大幅降低药品价格。 (本文节选自《零关税≠降药价 专家建议引入谈判机制》，中国网医疗频道，2018年4月15日)
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