ADS1248 设计参考

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ApplicationReport

SBAA211–August2014

AchievingTrueUniversalInputCapabilityUsingADS1248

andADS1148

RajivMantri,GiteshBhagwat

ABSTRACT

Inthisapplicationreport,wedesignasimpleconnectionschemewhichcanbeusedtoconnectmultipletransducerstoADS1248/1148.Theschemeutilizesfeaturesofthedevicessuchascurrentsources,internalreference,andsoforth,whileallowingsamecircuitryoneachchannel;thusrealizingtrueuniversalinputcapability.

Introduction...................................................................................................................21.1ADS1146/7/8andADS1246/7/8..................................................................................21.2ADS1248Operation................................................................................................2ApplicationSchematic.......................................................................................................4Operation.....................................................................................................................63.1Two-WireRTD......................................................................................................63.2Three-WireRTD....................................................................................................63.3Four-WireRTD......................................................................................................73.4ThermocoupleConnections(withoutCJC)......................................................................83.5ThermocoupleConnections(withCJC)..........................................................................83.6AnalogInputConnections(0–10V).............................................................................93.7InputCurrentConnections(4-20mA).........................................................................10TestResults.................................................................................................................104.12-WireRTDEmulation...........................................................................................114.23-WireRTDEmulation............................................................................................124.34-WireRTDEmulation............................................................................................134.4CurrentInputEmulation4–10mA..............................................................................14Conclusion..................................................................................................................15Reference...................................................................................................................15

ListofFigures

Contents

123456710111213

BlockDiagram................................................................................................................2Multiplexer....................................................................................................................3UniversalInputConnectionScheme......................................................................................4Two-WireRTDConnections................................................................................................6Three-WireRTDConnections..............................................................................................7Four-WireRTDConnections...............................................................................................7

..............................................................................8

ThermocoupleConnections(withCJC)...................................................................................9AnalogInput(0–10V)Connections.......................................................................................9Current(4–20mA)Connections.........................................................................................10ResistanceDirectlyConnectedtoEVMBoard.........................................................................11ResistanceConnectedThroughSwitchScheme(InternalReferenceUsed)......................................11ResistanceDirectlyConnectedtoEVMboard.........................................................................12

ThermocoupleConnections(WithoutCJC)

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141516171819

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ResistanceConnectedThroughSwitchScheme(InternalReferenceUsed)......................................12ResistanceDirectlyConnectedtoEVMBoard.........................................................................13ResistanceConnectedThroughSwitchScheme(InternalReferenceUsed)......................................13ADCExcitationCurrentOn(DropAcrossR4=300mV).............................................................14ADCExcitationCurrentOn(DropAcrossR4=900mV).............................................................14ADCExcitationCurrentOn(DropAcrossR4=1.9V)................................................................15

ListofTables

SwitchPositions..............................................................................................................5TestData....................................................................................................................10

11.1

Introduction

ADS1146/7/8andADS1246/7/8

TheADS1146,ADS1147,andADS1148arehighly-integrated,precision,16-bitanalog-to-digital

converters(ADCs).TheADS1146/7/8featureanonboard,low-noise,programmablegainamplifier(PGA),aprecisiondelta-sigmaADCwithasingle-cyclesettlingdigitalfilter,andaninternaloscillator.TheADS1147andADS1148alsoprovideabuilt-involtagereferencewith10-mAoutputcapacity,andtwo

matchedprogrammablecurrentdigital-to-analogconverters(DACs).TheADS1146/7/8provideacompletefront-endsolutionfortemperaturesensorapplicationsincludingthermalcouples,thermistors,andresistancetemperaturedetectors(RTDs).

TheADS1246,ADS1247,andADS1248aresimilardeviceswith24-bitanalog-to-digitalconverters(ADCs).

WewillnowdiscussthedetailedoperationoftheADS1248.Similaritiescanbedrawntootherdevices.

1.2ADS1248Operation

TheblockdiagramforADS1248isshowninFigure1.

REFP0/REFN0/ADS1248OnlyGPIO0GPIO1REFP1REFN1AVDDBurnoutDetectVBIASVREFOUTVREFCOMDVDDVREF󰀀MuxGPIOVoltageReferenceADS1247ADS1248SCLKDINAIN0/IEXCAIN1/IEXCAIN2/IEXC/GPIO2AIN3/IEXC/GPIO3AIN4/IEXC/GPIO4AIN5/IEXC/GPIO5AIN6/IEXC/GPIO6AIN7/IEXC/GPIO7ADS1248OnlyBurnoutDetectInputMuxSystemMonitorPGA3rd󰀀OrderDSModulatorDualCurrentDACsAdjustableDigitalFilterSerialInterfaceandControlDRDYDOUT/DRDYCSSTARTRESETInternal󰀀OscillatorAVSSIEXC1IEXC2CLKDGNDADS1248OnlyFigure1.BlockDiagram

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www.ti.comIntroduction

TheADS1246,ADS1247,andADS1248arehighlyintegrated24-bitdataconverters.Theyincludealow-noise,high-impedanceprogrammablegainamplifier(PGA),adelta-sigma(ΔΣ)ADCwithanadjustablesingle-cyclesettlingdigitalfilter,internaloscillator,andasimplebutflexibleSPI-compatibleserialinterface.

TheADS1247andADS1248alsoincludeaflexibleinputmultiplexerwithsystemmonitoringcapabilityandgeneral-purposeI/Osettings,averylow-driftvoltagereference,andtwomatchedcurrentsourcesforsensorexcitation.

TheblockdiagramforthemultiplexerisshownintheFigure2.

AVDDAVDDIDAC1System MonitorsAVSSAIN0AVSSAIN1AVDDVBIASVREFPVREFNTemperatureDiodeAVDDVBIASAVDDAVDDIDAC2ADS1247/48 OnlyAVSSAVDDVBIASVREFP1/4VREFN1/4AIN2AVSSAIN3AVDDVBIASVREFP0/4VREFN0/4AVDD/4AVSS/4DVDD/4ADS1248 OnlyAVSSAIN4AVSSAIN5AVDDAVDDVBIASAVDDVBIASDGND/4Burnout Current Source(0.5mA, 2mA, 10mA)AINPAVSSAIN6AVSSAIN7AVDDVBIASBurnout Current Source(0.5mA, 2mA, 10mA)AVDDVBIASAINNPGAToADCAVSSFigure2.Multiplexer

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2ApplicationSchematic

Figure3givestheproposedapplicationschematicwhichshowsthedifferentconnectionsrequiredforimplementingauniversalinputscheme.

CD74HC4051PWT16VCC15A214A1A41A62A3A74A55~E6VEE7GND8J01234S1-0R118KR4100ES4-013A012A311S010S19S2100ER18R3R22KS5-01DVDD2DGND3CLK4RESET5REFP0/GPIO0U2ADS1248IPWSCLK28DIN27S6-02KS3-0S2-0ADS1248IPWDOUT/DRDY26DRDY25CS24START23AVDD22AVSS21IOUT120IOUT219AIN3/IEXC/GPIO318AIN2/IEXC/GPIO217AIN7/IEXC/GPIO716AIN6/IEXC/GPIO615S25TO_MCU_ADCJ11234S1-1R618KR9100ES4-16REFN0/GPIO17REFP18REFN19VREFOUT10VREFCOM100ER19R8R72KS5-1833ER511AIN0/IEXC12AIN1/IEXC13AIN4/IEXC/GPIO414AIN5/IEXC/GPIO5S6-12KS3-1S2-1J21234S1-2R1018KR13100ER20100ER12R112KS5-2S6-22KS3-2S2-2J31234S1-3R1418KR17100ER21R16R152KS5-3S6-3100E2KS3-3S2-3S4-3S4-2Figure3.UniversalInputConnectionScheme

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www.ti.comApplicationSchematic

Usingthisscheme,eachdevicecanbeusedtoconnect4differentialinputs,thusenabling4transducerconnections.Atotalof20SPSTand5SPDTswitchesarerequiredinthescheme.Thesecanbe

manuallyoperatedDIPswitchesorelectronicallycontrolledFETswitches,dependingontheaccessibilityoftheunit.

ThesheetinTable1detailsonthedifferentswitchpositionsfordifferenttransduceroptions:

Table1.SwitchPositions

InputType

Termination

2-wireRTD3-wireRTD4-wireRTDTCTCwithCJC0–10V4–20mA

(2,3)RTD(2,3)RTD,4Exc(2,3)RTD,(1,4)

Exc

(2,3)TC(2,3)TC,1Temp

CloseCloseCloseCloseCloseOpenClose

S2OpenOpenOpenOpenOpenCloseOpen

S3OpenOpenOpenOpenOpenCloseOpen

S/WConnections

S4OpenOpenOpenOpenOpenOpenClose

S5N/ON/CN/CN/ON/ON/CN/C

S6OpenOpenOpenOpenOpenOpenClose

S25DonotcareDonotcare

N/ODonotcare

N/CDonotcareDonotcare

DonotcareDonotcare

A0Donotcare

A0DonotcareDonotcare

ExternalExternalExternalExternalExternalInternalInternal

Ch0Ch0and1IOUT1(pin

20)

Ch1Ch1Ch0and1Ch1

15mA15mA15mA15mA15mA0.1mA1mA

NANANANAForcoldjntemp

NANA

U1MUX

ReferenceInt/Ext

InternalCurrentConnection

InternalCurrentValue

MCUADC

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3Operation

Nowwetakealookattheoperationoftheschemefordifferentswitchpositionsforafewofthetransducers.

3.1Two-WireRTD

Figure4showstheconnectiondiagramfora2-wireRTDconnection.Thedottedredlinesshowthe

currentflowpath.TheexcitationcurrentflowsoutofCh0ofthedevice,throughtheRTDandintothe833-Ωresistortoground.Themagnitudeissetto1.5mA,thusgivingadropof1.25Vacrosstheresistor.Thisvoltageisusedasthereferencetoeliminateanyinaccuraciesduetovariationoftheexcitationcurrentvalue.

Figure4.Two-WireRTDConnections

3.2Three-WireRTD

Figure5showstheconnectiondiagramfora3-wireRTDconnection.Thedottedredlinesshowthecurrentflowpath.TheexcitationcurrentflowsoutofCh0andCh1ofthedevice.ThecurrentfromCh0flowsintotheRTDandthenintothe833-Ωresistortoground.ThecurrentfromCh1flowsintooneoftheleadsoftheRTD,thenthroughthe833-Ωresistorintoground.

DifferentialmeasurementbetweenCh0andCh1givestheRTDdrop.Thisincludesthedropbecauseoftheleads.

ThesinglechannelreadingofCh1givesthedropoftheleadswhichcanbeusedtooffsetthedifferentialreadingforbetteraccuracy.

Thevoltageacrossthe833-Ωresistoris2.5Vandcanbeusedasareferencetoeliminateanyinaccuraciesduetovariationintheexcitationcurrentvalue.

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Figure5.Three-WireRTDConnections

3.3Four-WireRTD

Figure6showstheconnectiondiagramfora4-wireRTDconnection.Thedottedredlinesshowthe

currentflowpath.Theexcitationcurrentflowsoutofexcitationcurrentpin1.ThisflowsthroughtheRTD,thenthroughthe833-Ωresistor,intoground.Thus,thereisnocurrentflowthroughthemeasurement

leadsconnectedonCh1andCh1,eliminatinganydrops.Hereaswell,thedropacrossthe833-Ωresistorcanbeusedasthereference.

Figure6.Four-WireRTDConnections

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3.4ThermocoupleConnections(withoutCJC)

Figure7showstheconnectiondiagramforathermocouplewithoutcoldjunctioncompensation.Thedottedredlinesshowthecurrentflowpath.TheexcitationcurrentflowsoutofCh1ofthedevice.Thiscurrentflowsthroughthe833-Ωresistortogroundandisusedtogenerateacommonmodevoltagegreaterthan100mVtomeettheminimumrequirementofthedevice(page3ofdevicedatasheet).Thevoltageacrossthethermocoupleaddsontothisvoltageandcareshouldbetakentoensurethatthetotalvaluedoesnotexceedthemaximumvalueofcommonmodevoltage.

However,thisdoesnotimpactthetemperaturemeasurementasthethermocouplevoltageisdifferentialacrossCh0andCh1.

Figure7.ThermocoupleConnections(WithoutCJC)

3.5ThermocoupleConnections(withCJC)

Figure8showstheconnectiondiagramforathermocouplewithcoldjunctioncompensation.The

connectionschemeisthesameasinthepreviouscaseofmeasurementwithoutCJC.TheonlyadditionalconnectionisthatofCJCinputwhichisroutedtotheMCUADCthroughtheexternalmultiplexerandswitchS25.TheCJCinputisconnectedonpin1ofexternalconnectorJ0.

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Figure8.ThermocoupleConnections(withCJC)

3.6AnalogInputConnections(0–10V)

Figure9showstheconnectiondiagramforananalogvoltagefrom0–10V.Theschemestepsdowntheinputvoltagebyafactorof10.ThisisdonethroughthevoltagedividerformedbyresistorsR1andR2.The0-to10-Vinputisscaleddownto0–1V.Italsoensuresthattheminimumcommon-modevoltagerequirementismet.

Figure9.AnalogInput(0–10V)Connections

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3.7InputCurrentConnections(4-20mA)

Figure10showstheconnectiondiagramfora4-to20-mAcurrentvoltage.Theschemeconvertsinputcurrentintovoltageacrosstheresistor(R4).ThesameismeasuredthroughCh0andCh1ofADS1248.

Figure10.Current(4–20mA)Connections

4TestResults

Afewofthepreviouslymentionedtransducerconnectionshavebeenemulatedandtested.ThedetailsfortheemulatedtestsetupandthesummarizedreadingsaregiveninTable2.

Table2.TestData

Sr.No.1

EmulatedInputScenario2-wireRTD

MeasuredValue-ConnectionDirectlytoEVM49.8mV

MeasuredValue-Connection

ThroughProposedScheme50.8mV

TestSetupComments

470-Ωresistor(5%tolerance)connectedbetweenCh0andCh1;100-µAcurrentintoCh0;Ch0andCh1connectedasinputstoADC;internalreferenceused,externalreference(generatedbyCh0currentinto833-Ωresistor)useshouldhelpimproveresults.

470-Ωresistor(5%tolerance)connectedbetweenCh0andCh1;100-µAcurrentintoCh0andCh1;Ch0andCh1connectedasinputstoADC;internalreferenceused,

externalreference(generatedbyCh0,1currentsinto833-Ωresistor)useshouldhelpimproveresults.

470-Ωresistor(5%tolerance)connectedbetweenCh0andCh1;100-µAcurrentintolout0;Ch0andCh1;connectedasinputstoADC;internalreferenceused,externalreference(generatedbylout0currentinto833-Ωresistor)useshouldhelpimproveresults.TestSetupComments

800mVsupplyconnectedtochannel2ofexternalconnectorJ0,dropmeasureacrossR4=100Ω

2-Vsupplyconnectedtochannel2ofexternalconnectorJ0,dropmeasureacrossR4=100Ω

4-Vsupplyconnectedtochannel2ofexternalconnectorJ0,dropmeasureacrossR4=100Ω

23-wireRTD49.8mV50.8mV

34-wireRTD45.2mV46.1mV

44.14.24.3

4to20-mAcurrentinput4mAinput10mAinput20mA

Differentialvoltagemeasured-decimal47501441230207

Differentialvoltage

measured-analogvalue298mV904mV1.9V

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4.12-WireRTDEmulation

Figure11andFigure12use100µAcurrentintoCh0;Ch0andCh1inputs.

Figure11.ResistanceDirectlyConnectedtoEVMBoard

Figure12.ResistanceConnectedThroughSwitchScheme(InternalReferenceUsed)

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4.23-WireRTDEmulation

Figure13andFigure14use100µAcurrentintoCh0;Ch0andCh1inputs;oneterminalofexternalresistancedirectlyconnectedtoground.

Figure13.ResistanceDirectlyConnectedtoEVMboard

Figure14.ResistanceConnectedThroughSwitchScheme(InternalReferenceUsed)

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4.34-WireRTDEmulation

Figure15andFigure16use100µAconnectedtochannelfromcurrentsource-Iout0.

Figure15.ResistanceDirectlyConnectedtoEVMBoard

Figure16.ResistanceConnectedThroughSwitchScheme(InternalReferenceUsed)

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4.4CurrentInputEmulation4–10mA

Figure17showsthecurrentinputemulationsettingsfor4-mAinput.

Figure17.ADCExcitationCurrentOn(DropAcrossR4=300mV)

Figure18showsthecurrentinputemulationsettingsfor10-mAinput.

Figure18.ADCExcitationCurrentOn(DropAcrossR4=900mV)

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Figure19showsthecurrentinputemulationsettingsfor20-mAinput.

Figure19.ADCExcitationCurrentOn(DropAcrossR4=1.9V)

5Conclusion

Usingthearrangementshowninthisreport,ADS1248/1148andothersimilardevicescanbeusedtodesignauniversalinputterminal.

Furthertransducerscanbemadecompatiblebymakingadditionsonsimilarlines.

6Reference

1.ADS1248datasheet(SBAS426G)

2.ADS1148datasheet(SBAS453F)(http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/ads1148.pdf)

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