2019_2020学年高中英语Unit4Sharing4SectionⅣGrammar知能演练轻松闯关新人教版选修7

Ⅰ 单句语法填空

1．This is the most interesting story book that I have ever read.

2．A man attacked Lisa in the street last night. Unfortunately, there was no one to whom she could turn for help.

3．The story is about a girl whose brother is a soldier.

4．It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.

5．Tony and his father are repairing the roof that/which was damaged by the strong wind.

6．Peter talked happily with his classmates about the writer and his books that interested him.

7．The reason that/which James gave for his being late was that he missed the early bus this morning.

8．(2017·天津卷)My eldest son, whose work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.

9．(2017·北京卷)The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.

10．I have some doubt about the reason why Hans was absent from the meeting this morning.

11．To tell you the truth, I want to go to that company where the working conditions are good.

12．We couldn’t understand the reasons that/which he explained to us for his mistake.

Ⅱ 阅读理解

Johns Hopkins University just announced that the school will name a new research building after Henrietta Lacks, whose cancer cells changed medical research.

“Through her life and her cancer cells, Henrietta Lacks had an immeasurable effect on science and medicine that has touched countless lives around the world，” Johns Hopkins President Ronald Daniels said during the university’s 9th Henrietta

Lacks Memorial Lecture in 2018.

The building will be located just north of the Johns Hopkins Hospital and will support programs that improve participation and partnership with members of the community in research that can benefit the community.

Lacks was a black woman who was born on a farm in Roanoke, Virginia, in 1920. In 1951, at 31 years old, the mother of five visited Baltimore’s Johns Hopkins Hospital complaining of stomach pain that later turned out to be cervical(子宫颈的) cancer. Her cancer cells were later used without her permission to create the first immortal(永生的) cell line, known as the HeLa cell line.

The HeLa cells were used to develop the first polio vaccine(小儿麻痹症疫苗) in 1952, and helped the study of human papillomavirus(HPV), which causes the cervical cancer that eventually killed Lacks.

Lacks and her story were relatively unknown until 2010 when reporter Rebecca Skloot published The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks. In 2017, The New York Times best­selling book was made into a film titled The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks starring Oprah Winfrey and Rose Byrne.

Lacks’ granddaughter, Jeri Lacks, and other family members attended the university’s announcement. “It is a proud day for the Lacks family. We have been working with Hopkins for many years now on events and projects that honor our grandmother，” Jeri Lacks said. “They are all meaningful, but this is the greatest honor.”

【解题导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道。Johns Hopkins University计划用Henrietta Lacks的名字来命名他们即将建造的一座大楼，以纪念她对现代医学发展带来的深远影响。

1．Why will Johns Hopkins University name a building after Henrietta Lacks? A．She did very important research. B．She saved countless lives in person. C．She once helped the university a lot. D．She had a great influence on modern medicine.

D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段Johns Hopkins University just announced that...whose cancer cells changed medical research.以及第二段中的Through her life and her cancer cells...medicine that has touched countless lives around the world可知，Johns Hopkins University计划用Henrietta Lacks的名字来命名他们将要建造的一座大楼，以纪念她对现代医学发展所带来的影响。

2．What did researchers decide to do with Henrietta Lacks’ cancer cells?

A．Help her get better. B．Earn money for her. C．Put them to good use. D．Completely destroy them.

C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的Her cancer cells were later used without her permission to create the first immortal(永生的) cell line, known as the HeLa cell line.及第五段的内容可知，研究者决定将这些细胞用于更多的医学研究，以发挥更好的作用。

3．What greatly helped the spread of Lacks’ story at first? A．A film starring Oprah Winfrey. B．The invention of the HeLa cells. C．Sales of a book based on her story. D．The announcement by the university.

C 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Lacks and her story were relatively unknown until 2010 when reporter Rebecca Skloot published The Immortal Life of

Henrietta Lacks.可知，Rebecca Skloot出版的有关Henrietta Lacks的书让她的故事被

大众所熟知。

4．What was the reaction of Lacks’ family members toward the announcement? A．They expected it. B．They seemed uninterested. C．They were a bit embarrassed. D．They were quite excited about it.

D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的It is a proud day for the Lacks family.以及They are all meaningful, but this is the greatest honor.可推断，Lacks的家人对学校将一所新建筑命名为Henrietta Lacks的消息感到很兴奋。

Ⅲ 完形填空

Until a few years ago, I had what most people would call a good life. I had a __1__ job that paid the bills; I had a good family that I was close to, and I had a place to live and money in the bank for trips and __2__， and there was nothing much wrong in my life. __3__， I was bored.

I wanted more. I wanted to live __4__ and loudly and make sharp memories instead of the __5__ ones of everyday life. But I was __6__. I had never had any __7__ in myself. As a child, even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of __8__， and even though I did get better as I got older, I never quite __9__ that childhood

shyness.

And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence. I also took tiny steps leading to my goals. But none of them really __10__．

So I __11__ that the small steps weren’t enough. I signed up for an internship(实习期) of teaching English in Vietnam, an __12__ huge step, one that __13__ me as much as it excited me. And then the day came and I left my home and my loved ones. I was alone in a country where the food was __14__ and the streets were unfamiliar. I had no idea whether I would be able to __15__ everything that this very strange environment would __16__ at me.

I spent five months in Vietnam, teaching, exploring and laughing. I’d learned to __17__ myself, my skills, my abilities and my decisions. I returned home __18__， even to myself, let alone to others. The __19__ that had controlled my life and the self­doubt were __20__．

That one big chance changed everything for me, and in me.

【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了作者通过去异国他乡支教从而改变人生的励志故事。 1．A.stable C．difficult

B．temporary D．demanding

A 解析：根据上文中的“Until a few years ago, I had what most people would call a good life.”可推知，之前作者的生活过得不错，有收入稳定的工作，故选A。stable“稳定的”；temporary“暂时的”；demanding“要求高的”。

2．A.tips C．treats

B．rewards D．fines

C 解析：根据空前的“money in the bank for trips”可推知，作者生活舒适，有出去旅游和款待他人的资金。treat在此作名词，意为“款待”。tip“小费，窍门”；reward“奖赏，回报”；fine“罚款”。

3．A.Thus C．Otherwise

B．Instead D．However

D 解析：根据语境可知，空处的前后内容存在逻辑上的转折关系，故选D。thus“因此”；instead“相反”；otherwise“否则”；however“然而”。

4．A.easily C．peacefully

B．brightly D．modestly

B 解析：根据空后的“loudly”可推知，作者对之前的美好生活并不满足，想生活得更加充满生气(brightly)。

5．A.bitter

B．clear

C．grey D．sweet

C 解析：根据上文中的“I was bored”可推知，作者厌倦了之前单调乏味的(grey)生活，希望生活更加丰富多彩一些，与上文中的“make sharp memories”相呼应。

6．A.proud C．outgoing

B．innocent D．afraid

D 解析：根据空前的“But”以及下文中的“childhood shyness”可推知，作者内心充满了恐惧。

7．A.pride C．interest

B．confidence D．shame

B 解析：根据下文中的“even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of ______”和“childhood shyness”可推知，作者一直以来都对自己缺乏信心(confidence)，与下文中的“And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence.”相呼应。

8．A.stress C．confusion

B．excitement D．surprise

A 解析：根据空后的“even though I did get better as I got older”可推知，在孩童时期，去商店买东西都会给作者带来很多心理负担(stress)。

9．A.added to C．got over

B．talked about D．suffered from

C 解析：根据空前的“never”可推知，作者一直都没有克服(got over)自己孩童时期的害羞。

10．A.continued C．failed

B．survived D．helped

D 解析：根据句中的“But”可推知，作者尽管尝试了很多方法，例如阅读有关(提升)自信的书籍，并采取了一些小的措施，但是都无济于事(helped)。

11．A.figured C．predicted

B．promised D．disagreed

A 解析：根据空前的“So”可推知，作者认为(figured)小的措施是不够的。 12．A.equally C．unnecessarily

B．impossibly D．occasionally

B 解析：去越南支教对于一向缺乏自信的作者来讲的确是跨出了不可思议的一大步，故选B。

13．A.ignored C．annoyed

B．impressed D．terrified

D 解析：此处与上文作者孩童时期的害羞以及尝试多种方法增强自信相呼应，故这样的决定让作者害怕(terrified)，同时又使作者激动万分。

14．A.nice C．strange

B．colorful D．inadequate

C 解析：由下文中的“the streets were unfamiliar”和“this very strange environment”可推知，作者身处异国他乡，对那里的食物感到陌生(strange)。

15．A.doubt C．quit

B．handle D．obtain

B 解析：根据语境可知，作者不知道自己是否能够应付(handle)这个完全陌生的环境抛(throw)给自己的一切。

16．A.point C．shout

B．throw D．aim

B 解析：参见上题解析。throw at“朝……扔”。 17．A.trust C．excuse

B．enjoy D．forgive

A 解析：与上文中的“And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence.”形成对比可推知，作者在越南支教期间学会了相信自己。

18．A.unconcerned C．unchangeable

B．unsatisfied D．unrecognizable

D 解析：根据语境可推知，作者从越南回来之后，发生了巨大的变化，几乎让人认不出了。unconcerned“不关心的”；unsatisfied“不满意的”；unchangeable“不可改变的”；unrecognizable“认不出来的”。

19．A.fear C．courage

B．respect D．anger

A 解析：由空后的“controlled my life”和“the self­doubt”可推知，作者之前的生活被害怕(fear)控制，与上文中的“that childhood shyness”呼应。

20．A.picked up C．worn off

B．forgotten about D．put off

C 解析：作者从越南回来之后，发生了巨大的变化，自信满满，自我怀疑逐渐消失(worn off)。

Ⅳ 语法填空

Chinese researchers have found that university students with better academic performance are more likely to eat breakfast in the cafeteria, 1.____________(especial) on cold days, according to their findings

2.____________(publish) in a British journal. There is a strong 3.____________(connect) between college students’ academic performance and the regularity of their campus(校园) daily life.

Researchers from the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC) in Chengdu 4.____________(collect) about 30 million digital behavioral records of 18，960 UESTC undergraduate students over the past three years. The behavioral records were kept on the students’ campus smart cards, 5.____________(contain) information about when they entered the library, took a shower, washed clothes 6.____________ paid for meals in the cafeteria, etc. In most Chinese universities, every student has a campus smart card, 7.____________ can be used for student identification and to pay on campus. The students with better performance are more likely to overcome difficulties and stick 8.____________ their routine even on cold winter mornings. “The less the students are affected by weather conditions in keeping life routines, the more determined they are and the 9.____________(good) grades they can get，” one of the researchers said. “We are not aiming 10.____________(ask) all the students to live according to the same timetable, but to encourage them to perform more properly.”

【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。中国电子科技大学的一份研究表明，学生校园生活的规律性和成绩显著相关。

1．especially 解析：考查副词。设空处作状语，表示“尤其”，故填especially。 2．published 解析：考查动词­ed形式作定语的用法。findings后跟定语，又因为publish与findings之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且publish所表示的动作已完成，故填published。

3．connection 解析：考查名词。由空前的a可知，此处应用名词单数形式，表示“联系”，故填connection。

4．have collected 解析：考查现在完成时。由后面的over the past three years可知，应用现在完成时，故填have collected。

5．containing 解析：考查动词­ing形式作定语的用法。设空处作campus smart cards的后置定语，又因为cards与contain之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填containing。

6．and 解析：考查连词。设空处在此表示“和”，故填and。

7．which 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导非性定语从句，补充说明a campus smart card，且在从句中作主语，故填which。

8．to 解析：考查固定搭配。stick to意为“坚持”。

9．better 解析：考查形容词比较级。“the＋比较级……，the＋比较级……”意为

“越……，就越……”，故填better。

10．to ask 解析：考查固定搭配。aim to do sth.意为“打算做某事”。