国家公共英语(五级)笔试历年真题试卷汇编7(题后含答案及解析)

国家公共英语（五级）笔试历年真题试卷汇编7 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Listening Comprehension 2. Use of English 3. Reading Comprehension 4. Writing

Section I Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C. Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first answer the questions in your test booklet, not on the ANSWER SHEET. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you wi

Part ADirections: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10.

听力原文：M: Professor Wilson, recently, I read a report, saying that writing in schools is found to be both dismal and neglected, because students and teachers have to spend a lot of time preparing for external assessments given by the State. You have been a strong advocator for teacher and student rights. You wrote about the politics of education in “Testing is not teaching” in 2002. How have things changed since you first wrote about writing in the 1970s?W: In my report to the Ford Foundation in 1976, I documented how the government founded no research in the teaching of writing. It was a polling how little opportunity there was to research writing. I actually got the first grant from the government in 1978 for my study in Atkinson, New Hampshire. There was also a cover story by News Week with a title “Why Johnny can’t” that was around 1977, as I recalled. So there was a burst of advantage for writing in the early 80s. The national writing project expanded dramatically and there was more research money for studying and writing. Even Ronald Reagon allowed funds to go to writing and its improvement, I was on his panel for excellence. I’ve learned that American educators and the government can maintain focus on the subject area for only so long. In the early 90s and continuing to the present, testing and accountability have become a major focus. They have become almost like curriculum in their own rights. They steal the focus from learning and, more particularly from writing.M: What impact have federal decisions had on our schools? What has this meant for the teaching and writing?W: Testing and the emphasis on reading have stolen large blocks of time from writing. Writing requires human power and time to evaluate whatever is admitted. Reading on the other hand is much cheaper to assess. The No Child Left Behind Act is all about reading. The authors of the bill didn’t realize just how much writing creates a different reader. Writ-ing is the making of reading. People who construct things know far better how to take those things apart. The federal decisions want us to believe that it is much more important to find out if children are good receivers of

information rather than good senders of information. In short, we don’t want their ideas but we do want to know if we can get the right answers about the information they should understand. In sum, for our political stand point, we don’t really want to know if they can write with a voice that has ideas and facts just to support those ideas. M: What can teachers do when they find they have less time for writing? W: Teacher should band together asking lots of questions both orally and in a writing. They need to ask questions such as “ How important is writing in relation to reading?”, “ Do you think writing is a medium for learning to think? Why or why not?” To show how important the medium of writing is, we should put our questions in writing, then call for an appointment to have good dialogue with administrators and policy makers. Of course we need to have dialogue among ourselves about these matters first.

You will hear a conversation between Miss Green, an educational journalist, and Professor Wilson, an expert in educational studies, about writing in American schools. As you listen, answer Questions 1 to 10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the conversation only once. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1 to 10.

1．

A．TURE B．FALSE

正确答案：A

2．

A．TURE B．FALSE

正确答案：B

3．

A．TURE B．FALSE

正确答案：A

4．

A．TURE B．FALSE

正确答案：A

5．

A．TURE

B．FALSE

正确答案：B

6．

A．TURE B．FALSE

正确答案：B

7．

A．TURE B．FALSE

正确答案：A

8．

A．TURE B．FALSE

正确答案：B

9．

A．TURE B．FALSE

正确答案：B

10． A．TURE B．FALSE

正确答案：A

Part BDirections: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE.

听力原文：W: Thank you for joining out talk about Mr. Frederick Selous. What was his background? M: Frederick Selous was born in 1851 to a London Stock Exchange official and a poet who loved adventure. From the early age, he had a fascination with David Livingstone, the great British explorer, who had made his name exploring Lualaba river in Southern Africa. At the age of 9, he was said to have been found sleeping in the nightshirt on the floor of his boarding school, Rugby, and when asked what he was doing there, he replied, “One day, I’m going to be a hunter in

Africa, and I’m just hardening myself to sleep on the ground”. Selous first visited Southern Africa in 1871 and then spent the next twenty years exploring and hunting between Transvaal and Cango Basin. W: Why is he famous?M: As one of the few white men, the travel in the Africa interior at the time, Selous was instrumental in opening up Southern Africa for Ceil Rhodes and British, negotiating with many of the great indigenous leaders. He documented the progress of gold industry of Zimbabwe and invited US president Theodore Roosevelt on the hunting expedition. That was to effectively kick-start these foreign industries for travelers who want to follow in Roosevelt’s foot steps. W: What did he contribute to geography as a discipline? M: Selous was a typical example of the Victorian image of a great white hunter. However, he was also an enthusiastic naturalist and conservationist at the time when such interests were considered unfashionable. While his fellow hunters rested during the afternoon heat, Selous would be out with a net catching butterflies and taking detailed notes. His precise observations provided a valuable, historical record. And today, the British Museum houses hundreds of specimens.

11． What did Selous want to be when he was young? A．A hunter. B．A poet. C．An official. D．A rugby player.

正确答案：A

12． What did Selous do with regard to the development of Zimbabwe’s gold industry?

A．He opened it up. B．He took records of it.

C．He provided instruments for it.

D．He negotiated with local leaders about it.

正确答案：B

13． What are kept in the British Museum today? A．His notes. B．His diaries. C．His collection. D．His records.

正确答案：C

听力原文：W: Why they move into industry?M: I got to the stage where I wanted to apply my research to actually treating diseases. As an academic, the only way to do that is to set up your own bio-tech company or to move to a pharmaceutical center. Also, although Cancer Research UK was an excellent place to work, it was a very flat

structure and you ran a lab. That was it. I wanted to do something more than that before I retired.W: What were your first impressions?M: It is a cultural shock. No question! The main difference is the share size. A large pharmaceutical company may have over 10, 000 people in R&D. This means you have to fit into a larger R&D process. I have to interact with many other parts of the organization. You have to have a team mentality to be able to wave a project goodbye in giving up to another department. In academic research institutes, you are much more isolationist. Your success depends on what is your own CV but not on other people’s. Another difference is that the goal is more short-term in industry. You have clear time lines and if you do not meet mem, you have to explain why. You don’t have a less solved important topic even if it takes ten years, type of scenario. These are only surface differences. Both centers are driven by first-class science. Innovative science would be the keys to success in pharmaceutical companies.W: What about the financial side?M: In industry, there are excellent levels of funding. The salary packages available are good. Then, we don’t know anyone who says salary was a main driver to move from academia. It wasn’t for me. Today, institutes like Cancer Research UK pay scientists pretty well. In industry, financial rewards are often achievement-based. The better you do, the better you are rewarded.

14． Why did Owen want to change his job? A．To put his research results into practice. B．To find a better working environment. C．To do something meaningful when retired. D．To set up his own pharmaceutical company.

正确答案：A

15． Which of the following can best describe the working style of academic research institutes?

A．People form project teams.

B．People interact much with each other.

C．People have a strong sense of collaboration. D．People depend on themselves for success.

正确答案：D

16． How does the research management in industry differ from that in institutes?

A．It has more short-term goals to achieve.

B．It has more projects based on first-class science. C．Its emphasis is on long-term planning. D．Its emphasis is on key research topics.

正确答案：A

听力原文：W: Immanuel Kant was born in the east of Prussia in 1724. His parents hoped he would study theology: however his interest was towards the classics and he was recognized as one of the most promising classical scholars at college. In 1740, Kant entered the University of Konigsberg and studied primarily with the philosophy faculty. His father died in 1746 and for the next nine years, Kant earned his living as a private tutor. In 1756, he gained professorship and supplemented his income by working as an assistant librarian and through lecturing. Around this time, he introduced a series of popular lectures on physical geography. That regularly attracted audiences about fifty freshmen. Although Kant was a philosopher, he had a great impact on geography by helping to secure its places among university disciplines. He also played an important role in freeing geography from its previous close relationship with theology. Kant proposed that human knowledge could be organized in three ways, by classifying facts according to the type of objects studied, by exampling the temporal dimension and looking at things in terms of their history and by understanding facts relative to spatial relationships. This last represents the field of knowledge commonly known as geography. He taught geography for thirty years and began each term by clarifying the position of geography among the many fields of learning. He believed that geography represented the differentiation of places and that was fundamental to Kant’s understanding of the world. He also saw a clear distinction between the fields of history and geography. In contrast to his numerous philosophical writings, little is left of Kant’s geographical writings. Most of what we know was based on his lectures. Kant believed that the human element was an entangled part of geography. He claimed that physical geography was a summary of nature and the basis of history and all the other possible geographies.

17． When did Kant become a professor? A．In 1740. B．In 1746. C．In 1750. D．In 1756.

正确答案：D

18． What is one of Kant’s contributions to geography? A．Combining physical geography with philosophy.

B．Organizing human knowledge of geography into different categories. C．Separating geography from its close ties with theology. D．Publishing many books on geography.

正确答案：C

19． How did Kant start his lectures on geography each term? A．By stressing the importance of geography. B．By defining important geographical terms.

C．By introducing the latest development in geographical studies.

D．By explaining the relationship between geography and other disciplines.

正确答案：D

20． What is Kant’s view about geography?

A．There is a close relationship between human activities and geography. B．Philosophy helps to explain natural phenomena.

C．History provides the basis for the study of geography. D．Philosophical writings enriched the study of geography.

正确答案：A

Part CDirections: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE.You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30.

听力原文：W: I really enjoyed your book. You are one of the robotics pioneers. This’s why I’m very excited to find out that at last you’re writing a book to give readers the first-time description of how robotics has been developing and where it is going. And what prompt you to write the book now?M: There is a confluence of three things happening in robotics right now then I thought what it was worth describing to the world. First, the old version of robots is now being refined and developed in cooperated research labs. So that they’re starting to pick the consumer market. Now the first generation of home robots, robot toys, lawn mowers and floor cleaners are starting to be sold through retail outlets. Second, more recent work in university research labs has led to robots that they were able to interact with humans in such life-like ways that they illuminate the question of whether we are anything more than machines and whether we will soon be able to build Sandia machines. And third, robotic technology is now being implanted in people to compensate for losses caused by diseases. We find ourselves on the thresh-hold of roboticizing on our own bodies. Since I’ve been involved in the aspects of all these developments, I thought I had some interesting perspectives to share with our readers.W: I have to say I’ve been especially interested in the notion of embodiment and how that relates to the ideas of robots learning and evolving, and ways came to biologically evolution. I also enjoyed your discussion of the possibility of machines such as these becoming conscious in some point.M: Well, I think this is a question we will need to address in the future. I think we’ll have some marginally simpler ethical issues to deal with in the shorter term over the next 10 to 20 years. We will be building robots much simpler than humans but perhaps it’s complex in some ways of insects. Under what condition should we extend our ethical treatment in such animals to those robots? What will it take to convince us that they are alive? Concurrently, with that issue we will also be adopting more and more technology into our bodies. What sorts of technology will be

fair and what sorts are unfair?W: When I was at the MIT lab, I had the opportunity to spend some time with Corgan, Kitsman. I managed to get Corgan to hold my hand. And when I was playing with Kitsman, his current graduate students thanked me for keeping him entertained. I told her a story about how when I was living in an apartment I have packed Furby to one of the boxes. I think the move was already sole to disturb when there’s a tiny voice to start protesting “I’m bored”. I started to get this vision of robots who need a less of attention from us. Well programs need to consider how much time people will spend with their robots when creating these interacting machines.M: I’ve been involved in developing robotic toys------iRobot cooperation. We developed my real baby. It has an emotional system that makes for interesting play experiences for children. The toy responds differently to the same source of stimulus depending on what mode it’s in. It is of course interesting to design such systems as toys. But more interesting question is whether more complex robots will have emotional lives not for their entertainments or play value. But it is a way of providing regulation of their activities. Animals and humans have involved with emotional systems playing just such roles. We may end up building our emotional systems into our robots, so the people can both understand them and influence the robots in the same way they influence each other.W: You can conclude in your book that technology seems to be heading and the direction of incorporating machine elements senses into human bodies. Do you anticipate that this will happen so gradually? The society, when we really beware that we are returning into cyborgs until the significant percentage of the population, is already part machine.M: That is exactly what I think will happen, like many technologies, this one is going to sneak upon us. We all know people with hip replacements and we may know people who would have implants. More and more people are going to get implants to handle more and more diseases, ranging from Parkinson to Blindness. And more and more people will have prospected devices to compensate for stroke damage. Before too long, people are going to start having implants to ornament themselves not just repair damage. More and more people will be part flesh and part machine.

Editor Laura talks with Mr. Brooks about his new book on robotics. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21 to 30 by writing no more than three words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the interview twice. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21 to 30.

21．

正确答案：in the future

22．

正确答案：retail outlets

23．

正确答案：interact with humans

24．

正确答案：insects

25．

正确答案：Ethical issues

26．

正确答案：robots

27．

正确答案：A robot

28．

正确答案：differently

29．

正确答案：human bodies

30．

正确答案：flesh and machine

Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

I always eat breakfast, and suggest that you do too. We all need food in the morning to supply ourselves【C1】______ sources of glucose, 【C2】______ is not stored in the body and 【C3】______needed to fuel the brain. Studies show that those who eat【C4】______are more productive at school and work【C5】______ those who skip it. But there is disagreement over 【C6】______should be eaten for the first meal of the day. I myself like leftovers. I’ve never cared【C7】______most of the common American breakfast foods and feel just terrible if I eat some of【C8】______. I do fine on a traditional Japanese breakfast【C9】______steamed rice, broiled fish, miso soup, pickled vegetables, seaweed, and green tea. I also like fruit, nuts, some

fresh cheese, and olives. You will have to experiment to find out what you【C10】______and what works best for you. In any【C11】______, eating breakfast makes it easier to meet your daily nutritional【C12】______. Research shows that people who eat breakfast get more vitamins A, C, and E, folic acid, calcium, iron and fiber than those who skip【C13】______. They also do better with weight control, because they are【C14】______prone to overeat at other meals or load up on high-calorie snacks later in the day. Perhaps the most common excuse for skipping breakfast is lack of【C15】______: but considering the nutritional importance of the【C16】______meal of the day, you should try to find ways of eating something in the morning【C17】______is quick and easy to prepare. Breakfast should provide one-quarter【C18】______one-third of your day’s protein, some good carbohydrate, and some fat. Finally, 【C19】______all you take in the morning is coffee, try switching to green tea for the protection it provides【C20】______cancer and heart disease.

31． 【C1】

正确答案：with

解析：本句意为“早上我们都需要食物来补充葡萄糖”。其中，“sup—ply sb．with sth．”是固定搭配，意为“为某人提供…”，所以此空应填“with”。

32． 【C2】

正确答案：which

解析：本句意为“葡萄糖不是存储在体内的，却是大脑所必需的‘燃料”’。由上下文可知“is not stored in the body…”是修饰“glucose”的非限制性定语从句，所以此空应填定语从句的引导词“which”。

33． 【C3】

正确答案：is

解析：本句翻译见32题。“and”是并列标志，前后句式应是平行结构，所以此空应填“is”。

34． 【C4】

正确答案：breakfast 解析：本句意为“那些吃早餐的人是在学习和工作方面要比那些不吃早饭的人效率更高”。根据上下文将“eat——”、“more productive”和“skip it”三个信息点进行串联，可知此空应填“breakfast”。

35． 【C5】

正确答案：than

解析：本句翻译见34题。其中，“more productive”表明这是一个比较级用法，所以此空应填“than”。

36． 【C6】

正确答案：what

解析：本句意为“但每天的第一顿饭吃什么，人们仍有不同看法”。通过语法分析，该句中介词“over”后面是一个宾语从句，所以此空应填宾语从句的引导词“what”。

37． 【C7】

正确答案：for 解析：本句意为“我对常见的美式早餐从来不感兴趣…”。其中，“care for sth．”是固定搭配，意为“喜欢，关心”，所以此空应填“for”。

38． 【C8】

正确答案：them

解析：本句意为“如果吃了其中的一些，我就会感觉很糟糕”。根据前后句可知：“some of ”指代上文的“American breakfastfoods”，所以此空应填“them”。

39． 【C9】

正确答案：of

解析：本句意为“米饭、烤鱼、味噌汤、泡菜、海带和绿茶这样的传统日式早餐很适合我”。根据句意可知：所填词语表示名词的所有格，所以此空应填“of”。

40． 【C10】

正确答案：like

解析：本句意为“你应当自己决定自己喜欢的，而且最适合自己的食物”，所以此空应填“like”。

41． 【C11】

正确答案：case

解析：本句意为“在任何情况下”。“in any case”是固定搭配，意为“在任何情况下”，所以此空应填“case”。

42． 【C12】

正确答案：requirements

解析：本句意为“吃早餐可以很容易的满足我们对日常营养的需求”。“meet

the requirements”是固定搭配，所以此空应填“require—ments”。

43． 【C13】

正确答案：it

解析：本句意为“吃早饭的人比不吃早饭的人更能获得更多的维生素…”。这一句所填的词语表示“早餐”。由于，上文已经出现了该词语，所以此空应填代词“it”。

44． 【C14】

正确答案：less

解析：本句意为“…他们不容易在其他餐点暴饮暴食，也不会在当天晚些时候摄入高热量的零食”。根据上文的“do better…”，可以确定此空应填“less”。

45． 【C15】

正确答案：time

解析：本句意为“也许，没时间是人们忽略早餐的最常见的借口”。此空可以根据常识确定答案，所以此空应填“time”。

46． 【C16】

正确答案：first

解析：本句意为“但是考虑到每天的第一餐在营养方面的重要性”。本文谈论的就是“早餐”，所以此空应填“first”。

47． 【C17】

正确答案：that

解析：本句意为“你应该在早晨准备一些快速且容易准备的东西来吃”。根据语法分析，本句包含一个定语从句，此空应填定语从句的引导词“that”。

48． 【C18】

正确答案：to

解析：本句意为“早餐应提供一天的蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂肪摄入量的四分之一到三分之一”。所填的词语应表示范围的终点，所以此空应填“to”。

49． 【C19】

正确答案：if

解析：本句意为“如果你早晨只是喝咖啡，那么可以尝试一下绿茶”。根据句意，此空应填条件句的引导词“if”。

50． 【C20】

正确答案：against／from

解析：本句意为“它能够预防癌症和心脏疾病”。“protect sb．against／from sth．”是固定搭配，意为“保护某人不受…”，所以此空应填“against”或“from”。

Section III Reading Comprehension (50 minutes)

Part ADirections: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

In parts of Brazil’s poor northeast, snakes and parrots are on sale by the roadside for a few reais. In Brazil, as elsewhere in Latin America, wild animals have been kept as pets for centuries. But in recent years they have become the target of a vast and flourishing illegal trade that is threatening the survival of some species. Governments and others are now trying to do more to end the trafficking. In Brazil alone, the trade in animals is worth $ 1 billion a year, according to the National Network Against the Trafficking of Wild Animals(RENCTAS), a coalition of NGOs. Some of the sellers are simply the rural poor, seeking a means of subsistence. Others, especially those involved in exports, are organised networks. The buyers include pet shops, pharmaceutical laboratories and foreign collectors. The international trade in animals is regulated by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora(CITES), which most Latin American countries have signed. Brazil has gone further, banning all trade in wild animals, whether endangered or not. Critics say that by pushing the trade underground, this has made it harder to regulate. In any event, Brazil lacks inspectors, and perhaps the will, to enforce the ban. Some of Brazil’s neighbours have looser rules. Many Brazilian animals are smuggled across the country’s long northern borders to Venezuela, Colombia or the Guyanas, whence they are exported with fake documentation. Efforts are now under way to improve regional co-operation. In July, in the first meeting of its kind, representatives from the United States government, Interpol and CITES met Latin American officials and NGOSA in Brasilia. What about the importing countries? The United States Fish and Wildlife Service carries out inspections at airports, and investigates smuggling networks. Each year it handles 4, 500 cases involving the import or export of animals. Under the Lacey act, American animal traffickers who break foreign laws can be prosecuted at home. Smugglers are regularly picked up in Miami: a Nicaraguan was caught last year at the airport with “Christmas gifts” that included over 1, 100 sea turtles’ eggs. Tony Silva, a well-known exotic-bird fancier based in Chicago, was jailed in the mid-1990s for heading a ring importing rare parrots from South America. In an effort to deter would-be buyers, RENCTAS is working with tourism bodies to teach unsuspecting foreigners visiting Brazil that they should forget about wild life souvenirs. But in the long run the trade will be stopped only if

incentives are generated to deter the rural poor from providing the raw material. Eco-tourism projects have spread across Latin America over the past decade, and the CITES secretariat is backing plans for more. The best hope for parrots is to become more valuable in the wild than in a plastic tube.

51． The following groups are among buyers of wild animals EXCEPT A．foreign collectors. B．pet shop owners.

C．pharmaceutical laboratories. D．poor people in the countryside.

正确答案：D

解析：推断题。题目问的是“下列哪一人群不是野生动物的购买者?”。由文章第二段最后一句“The buyers include pet shops，pharmaceutical laboratories and foreign collectors．”可知：宠物店主，外国收藏者和药材实验室都是野生动物的购买者，这与A、B和C项内容相符。故选D。

52． According to critics, it is hard to regulate the trade in wild animals in Brazil because

A．Brazil has not signed CITES.

B．Brazil has failed to enforce CITES. C．regulations on the trade are too loose.

D．the trade in wild animals has gone underground.

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。题目问的是“根据批评者，巴西野生动物贸易难以控制的原因什么?”。由文章第三段第一、二、三句“…whichmost Latin American countries have signed．Brazil has gone further．banning all trade in wild animals．whether endangered or not． Crit—ics say that by pushing the trade underground，this has made it harder to regulate．”可知：巴西野生动物问题的症结在于地下交易，这与D项内容相符。故选D。

53． The purpose of the meeting between the U. S. and Latin American officials is to

A．make the countries sign CITES. B．strengthen regional co-operation. C．lift the ban on trade in wild animals.

D．require documentation for wild animal export.

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。题目问的是“美国和拉丁美洲官员的会面的目的是什么?”。由文章第四段第三句“Efforts are now under way toimprove regional co—operation．”可知：其会面的目的是促进地区合作，共同解决野生动物贸易问题，

这与B项内容相符，故选B。

54． The U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s responsibilities do NOT include A．inspecting incoming air cargo. B．detecting animal smuggling. C．regulating wildlife trading.

D．investigating smuggling networks.

正确答案：C

解析：推断题。题目问的是“美国野生动物局的职责不包括哪一项?”。由文章第五段第二句“The United States Fish and Wild—life Service carries out inspections at airports．and investigates smug—gling networks．”可知：美国野生动物局在机场开展巡查，并调查走私网络。这与A、B和D项内容相符，故选C。

55． How can the trade of wild animals be eliminated eventually? A．To initiate eco-tourism projects.

B．To punish those who make wildlife specimens. C．To improve the living conditions for the rural poor. D．To fine foreigners for their buying wildlife souvenirs.

正确答案：C

解析：细节题。题目问的是“野生动物贸易问题最终如何才能得以解决?”。由文章第六段第二句“But in the long run the tradewill be stopped only if incentives are generated to deter the ruralpoor from providing the raw material．”可知：从长远来看，只有形成激励，遏止农村贫困人口提供“原料”，这种贸易才能停止，这与C项内容相符。另外，A项内容与该段第三句“Eco—tourism pro—jects have spread across Latin America over the past decade…”不符。B和D项文中没有提及，故选C。

At the dawn of the 20th century, suburbia was a dream inspired by revulsion to the poverty and crowding of the cities. In the visions of architects, there would be neighborhood parks, tree-lined streets and low-density housing free from the pollution and social problems of the cities. As the top map of the New York City metropolitan area shows, commuter suburbs had sprung up near the railway lines on Long Island and Westchester County by 1930, but further expansion was fueled in large part by the automobile. Eventually it was apparent that much of suburbia was not delivering on the early promise. The extraordinary growth of car ownership in 20th-century America was made possible by abundant domestic oil, the world’s largest highway system, and low taxes on vehicles and gasoline. But suburban growth would not have been nearly as great were it not for government policies that penalized cities and rewarded suburbs. For instance, federal mortgage insurance programs tended to promote new housing on outlying land rather than repair of existing city housing and, furthermore, excluded racially mixed neighborhoods that were deemed unstable. American communities have far fewer impediments to expansion than European ones:

London, for instance, restricted sprawl by establishing greenbelts on its periphery. Tax deductions for mortgage interest in the U. S. have been larger than those of most other countries. Furthermore, suburban jurisdictions in the U. S. have far greater zoning powers than their foreign counterparts and use this power to reinforce low-density housing by requiring large lots, thus increasing the number of affluent taxpayers and reducing the need to supply services to needy families. Arguably, the most important stimulus to “white flight” out of the city was fear of crime, particularly crime by blacks—a fear reinforced by the social pathologies of public housing, where blacks and other minorities predominate. Such apprehension helps to explain why revitaliza-tion projects and improved mass-transit systems have failed to lure the middle class back to the city in large numbers. Suburban expansion may conjure up images of aesthetic degradation and cultural sterility, but it has provided better housing for millions. In the process of suburbanization, low-income city families have also benefited because of the housing stock that became available as the middle class fled. By spreading out, U. S. cities avoided the sometimes oppressive densities of Japanese and European cities. Indeed, so great is the compactness in Tokyo that Japanese officials see deconcentration as a high priority. Overall, however, the suburban push financially hurt cities, which saw their tax bases shrink. They were disproportionately affected by unfunded federal mandates and thus hindered in efforts to provide quality schools and reliable municipal services. Indeed, New York City’s fiscal problems in the 1970s followed, and were worsened by the middle-class flight into the suburbs. The outflow, rather than population growth, drove rapid suburban spread.

56． Which of the following is NOT the cause for the emergence of suburbia? A．Residents’ dislike of poverty. B．Density of the cities. C．Influence of architects. D．Social problems in cities.

正确答案：C

解析：推断题。题目问的是“哪一个不是郊区出现的原因?”。由文章第一段第一句“suburbia was a dream inspired by revulsionto the poverty and crowding of the cities”可知：郊区生活是一个由对贫穷和城市拥挤的厌恶而引起的梦想，这与A和B项内容相符；此外，由第一段第二句“there would be neighborhood…freefrom the pollution and social problems of the cities”可知：这里会有社区公园，绿树成荫的街道和远离污染和城市社会问题的低密度住宅，这与D项内容相符。故选C。

57． Which of the following contributed a lot to the further expansion of suburbs?

A．Discovery of rich reserves of oil in the country. B．High cost of repairing old houses in the cities.

C．Greenbelt building on the edge of the cities.

D．Government policies in favor of new housing in the suburbs.

正确答案：A

解析：细节题。题目问的是“哪个原因极大地促成了郊区的进一步扩张?”。由文章第一段第三句“…but future expansion wasfueled in large part by the automobile”可知：但汽车进一步加剧了大规模的扩张：此外，第二段第一句中“The extraordinary growthof car ownership in 20th-century America was made possible byabundant domestic oil，the world’s largest highway system，and lowtaxes on vehicles and gasoline．”可知：丰富的国内石油产量、世界上最大的公路系统以及对车辆和汽油征收的低税促使20世纪美国汽车持有量飞速增长，这与A项内容相符。故选A。

58． It can be inferred from the text that

A．local governments play a role in hindering the poor from moving into the suburbs.

B．poor families have to leave the city because of rising housing prices. C．better services are provided to the poor in the process of suburbanization. D．stronger law enforcement can attract middle class families back to cities.

正确答案：D

解析：推断题。题目问的是“从文章中可以推论出什么?”。A项和B项在文章中没有提及。另外，由文章最后一段第二句“They were disproportionately affected by unfunded federal man—dates and thus hindered in efforts to provide quality schools and reli—able municipal services．”可知：城市很大程度上受到资金没有着落的联邦授权的影响，从而阻碍了它们提供优质的学校和可靠的市政服务，与C项内容不符，故选D。

59． What is one of the consequences of suburbanization? A．Urban skyline has been improved.

B．More houses are made available to low-income families.

C．Developing suburbia has been on top of the U. S. government agenda. D．The U.S. government has lost control over suburban sprawl.

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。题日问的是“郊区化的结果之一是什么?”。由文章第四段第二句“In the process of suburbanization，low—incomecity families have also benefited because of the housing stock thatbecame available as the middle class fled．”可知：在郊区化的过程中，由于中产阶级的离开，住房储备量得以增加，这对低收入城市家庭来说也受益不少，这与B项内容相符。故选B。

60． The last paragraph focuses on A．difficulty in taxation.

B．population growth in suburbs.

C．inadequate urban public facilities. D．financial problems in urban areas.

正确答案：D

解析：主旨题。题目问的是“文章的最后一段的主要内容是什么”。由文章最后一段的第一句“…the suburban push financiallyhurt cities，which saw their tax bases shrink．”可知：郊区的扩展在经济上影响了城市一一城市的税收基础不断萎缩，这与D项内容相符。故选D。

One pertinent question in the wake of the earthquake near Aceh and the tsunami it generated is how much notice of an approaching wave can be given to vulnerable people without the risk of crying “wolf” too often. Earthquakes themselves are unpredictable, and likely to remain so. But detecting them when they happen is a routine technology. That was not the problem in this case, which was observed by monitoring stations all over the world. Unfortunately for the forecasters, although any powerful submarine earthquake brings the risk of a dangerous tsunami, not all such earthquakes actually result in a big wave, and false alarms cost money and breed cynicism. On top of that, most “ tsunamigenic” earthquakes, which are caused when the processes of plate tectonics force heavy, oceanic crustal rock below lighter, continental rock to create a deep trench at the bottom of the sea, occur in the Pacific, which is almost surrounded by such trenches. In the Indian Ocean, deep trenches are confined to the southern coast of Indonesia, and tsunamis are rare. Since most of the countries affected by this tsunami are poor, or middle-income at best, and monitoring costs money, this might suggest that a fatalistic approach to the question is reasonable. But American and Japanese experience suggests that effective monitoring need not be that expensive. These two countries have networks of seabed pressure—detectors that can monitor tsunamis and indicate whether and where evacuation is necessary—data they share with their Pacific neighbors. A system of seven detectors, run from Hawaii, cost about $ 18 million to develop, and the experience gained doing so means a similar system might now be had for as little as $ 2 million. So, politicians in Southeast Asia and Australia are proposing one for the Indian Ocean. Detecting tsunamis directly, rather than relying on earthquake monitors, is important for another reason, too. Not all tsunamis are caused by earthquakes. Some of the worst, such as a 15-meter-high monster that killed more than 2 , 000 people in New Guinea in 1998, are the result of submarine landslides(though these can themselves be triggered by earthquakes, as was the case in New Guinea). Indeed, a few years ago it was suggested that a landslide in an unstable part of La Palma, one of the Canary Islands, might cause a tsunami that would devastate the east coast of America. Even if you have an effective detection system, though, it is useless if you cannot evacuate a threatened area. Here, speed is of the essence. Computer modeling can help show which areas are likely to be safest, but common sense is often the best guide—run like wind, away from the sea. Evacuation warnings, too, should be easy to give as long as people are awake. Radios are ubiquitous, even in most poor places. It is just a matter of having systems in place to tell the radio stations to tell people to run. The problem

was that no one did.

61． The overall damage in Aceh might have been reduced if we had A．given timely warnings. B．set up monitoring stations. C．detected the earthquake.

D．developed detecting technology.

正确答案：A

解析：推断题。题目问的是“我们采取什么措施可以降低亚齐省的灾难?”。由文章第一段第一句“One pertinent question in thewake of the earthquake near Aceh and the tsunami it generated ishow much notice of an approaching wave can be given to vulnerablepeople without the risk of crying‘wolf’too often．”可知：亚齐省附近的地震和海啸所引发的-一个关键问题就是：到底应当提前多长时间向人们预警海啸，而又避免了空喊“狼来了”，这与A项内容相符。故选A。

62． Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 2?

A．Underdeveloped countries will continue to fall victim to tsunami attacks. B．Countries without monitoring systems are not surrounded by deep trenches. C．Countries under this tsunami attack face funding shortage for tsunami detecting.

D．The geological feature of the Indian Ocean determines the high occurrence of tsunamis in the region.

正确答案：A

解析：推断题。题目问的是“从第二段中，我们可以得出什么推论?”。由文章第二段第三句“Since most of the countries affectedby this tsunami are poor，or middle—income at best，and monitoring．costs money，this might suggest that a fatalistic approach to thequestion is reasonable．”可知：大多数受此海啸影响的都是穷国，或充其量是中等收入国家，而且监控势必带来巨大花销。这也说明对此听天由命的方法是合理的。这与A项内容相符。故选A。

63． What is the purpose of setting up tsunami monitoring networks in the Pacific?

A．To gain knowledge of seabed pressure change and activities. B．To help decide whether people should move to a safer place. C．To help decide when to strengthen their houses.

D．To get the Pacific countries involved in tsunami forecast.

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。题目问的是“在太平洋建立海啸监控网络的目的是什么?”。由文章第三段第一句“These two countries have net—works of seabed pressure--detectors that can monitor tsunamis andindicate whether and where

evacuation is necessary—data they sharewith their Pacific neighbors．”可知：这两个国家有一系列的海底压力探测器，可以监测海啸并指明撤离的必要性和区域，这与B项内容相符。故选B。

64． According to the text, it is of vital importance to detect tsunamis directly because

A．earthquake monitoring cannot correctly detect tsunamis. B．powerful underwater organisms also cause human casualties. C．other geological activities also cause tsunamis. D．there are landslides caused by tsunamis.

正确答案：C

解析：推断题。题目问的是“根据文章内容，直接监控海啸的最重要的原因是什么?”。由文章第四段第二句“Not all tsunamis arecaused by earthquakes．”可知：不是所有的海啸都是由地震引起的，与C项“其他的地质活动也能引起海啸”内容相符。故选C。

65． When preparing for forthcoming natural disasters, humans lose the battle when

A．some inexpensive but handy resources are not made use of. B．old facilities are not updated in a timely manner. C．people are in bed when the warnings are issued. D．radio services are not available in many areas.

正确答案：A

解析：推断题。题目问的是“为即将到来的自然灾害做准备，人类何时会失败?”。由文章最后一段第五、六句“Radios are ubiquitous，even in most poor places． It is just a matter of having systems in place to tell the radio stations to tell people to run．”可知：即使在大多数贫困地区，广播也是无处不在。这仅是要求准备一个系统能够让电台及时通知人们撤离，但问题是没人做。这与A项“花费不昂贵且方便的资源没被利用”意义一致。故选A。

Part BDirections: In the following article some paragraphs have been removed. For Questions 66-70, choose the most suitable paragraph from the list A-F to fit into each of the numbered gaps. There is one paragraph which does not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

There is one kind of pain for which nobody has yet devised a cure—the pain that comes from the ending of a relationship. The relationship—it can be a marriage, a love affair, or a deep friendship , in fact, any emotional bond between two people—may have come to an abrupt but premeditated end, or it may have simply fizzled out as people and circumstances change. You may have been the one to break it off, or you may have been on the receiving end a brief phone call, a “Dear John” letter such as soldiers at the front used to dread receiving from their girlfriends back home who

had got tired of waiting, or simply a quiet fading away.【R1】______ Although there is no cure for grief, we cannot help looking for one to ease the pain, and help us forget our tears. We seek refuge in other relationships, keep ourselves busy with work, try to immerse ourselves in our hobbies. Perhaps we start to drink a little more than is good for us to “drown our sorrows” , or we heed the conventional advice and join a club or society.【R2】______ Moreover, we are always in a hurry to get rid of our grief. It is as if we were ashamed of it, feeling that we should be able to “pull ourselves together” , and trying to convince ourselves as we bite on the pillow that we are much too old to be crying.【R3】______ It is not easy to explain why we adopt this attitude to emotional pain, when it would never occur to us to suggest that we ought to overcome physical pain by a simple effort of will power. Part of the answer must lie in the nature of grief itself. When the love affair dies, you cannot believe that you will ever find another to replace the one who has gone so completely out of your life.【R4】______ And yet, grief is like one of those illnesses that must run their course, regardless of what we might do. Memories do fade, a healing skin does start to grow over the wound, the intervals between sudden glimpses of the love you have lost do get longer and longer, and bit by bit, painfully, life resumes its normal flow. Such is the perversity of human nature that we can even start to feel guilty as these things start to happen, as if it were an insult to the lost loved one that we can begin to forget at all.【R5】______ How much time is needed will vary from person to person, but psychiatrists have a rule of thumb: your grief will last as long as the original relationship. The sad thing is that when the breakdown occurs we can only stumble forward over the stones beneath our feet. It is dark ahead and we must be prepared to fall painfully many times on the way before we begin to discern the light at the end of the tunnel.A. Some bury their grief deep inside themselves so that few realize what they are going through: others seek relief by pouring their hearts out to their friends, or to anyone else who is prepared to offer a sympathetic shoulder to lean on. But even our friends after a while start to show their irritation, and suggest with their reproachful glances that it is about time we stopped our crying. They, too, are in a hurry for the thing to be over.B. The future stretches endlessly and bleakly ahead of you: you are utterly alone and without hope of consolation. Even after many, many months, when you think that you have begun to learn to live without your lost love, something—a familiar place, a snatch of music, a whiff of perfume, a casual work—will suddenly bring the bittersweet memories flooding back. You choke back the tears and the desperate, almost angry feeling that you are no better now than the day the affair ended.C. The important thing to admit about grief is that it will take its time. By trying to convince ourselves that it ought to be over sooner, we create an additional tension which can only aggravate the condition. People who have gone through the agony of a broken relationship—and there must be few who have not—agree that time is the great healer.D. The cultivation of a hobby and new forms of interest is therefore a policy of first importance to us. But this is not a business that can be undertaken in a day. The growth of alterative mental interest is a long process.E. Unfortunately, all of these things do little more than alleviate the symptoms without touching the cause of the ailment.F. However it ended and whoever took the initiative

to end it, the pain is equally intense and hard to bear. It is a sort of death, and it requires the same period of mourning, the same time for grief.

66． 【R1】

正确答案：F

解析：从段际关系来分析，这段必然要起到承上启下的作用。上一段的最后一句讲到了两个人的分手，而下一段的开头提到了治愈悲伤，由此，F项就是一个很好的过渡段，提到了两个人的分手，也谈到了悲伤，故选F。

67． 【R2】

正确答案：D

解析：根据下一段开头第一个词“Moreover”可知这一段在解释另一方面，那么上一段必然是解释第一个方面，D项中的“firstimportance”正好符合。

68． 【R3】

正确答案：B

解析：从段际关系来分析，需要抓住的关键信息是下一段中的“this attitude to emotional pain”，从中我们可以推测上一段的内容与“emotional pain”相关。B项主要描述了分手后的伤痛，尤其是最后一句中的关键词“angry feeling”。故选B。

69． 【R4】

正确答案：A 解析：此题可以通过上下文词语的共现关系来确定。下段中的开篇就提到了“grief”，可推知上一段也是围绕“grief”所展开。考查剩余A、C和E项中可知：前两项围绕着“grief”，先可以排除E项。再比较A项和C项，A项主要围绕人们寻找处理悲伤的方式，C项主要谈及时间的功效，因此A项更加符合上下文。故选A。

70． 【R5】

正确答案：C

解析：从段际关系来分析，需要抓住的关键信息是下一段中的“How much time is needed”，这与C项中所涉及的时间的功效相符，故选C。

Part CDirections: Answer questions 71-80 by referring to the following games.Note: Answer each question by choosing A, B or C and mark it on ANSWER SHEET 1. Some choices may be required more than once.

Answer Questions 71 to 80 by referring to the four articles on the topic “ Does the free market erode character?” written by four experts on the following pages. Answer each question by choosing A, B, CorDand mark it on ANSWER SHEET 1. Note: When more than one answer is required, these may be given in any order. Some choices may be required more than once.A = John GrayB = Ayaan HirsiC = Qinglian HeD = Michael WalzerWhich author(s)believe(s)that the free marketA John Gray Free markets erode some aspects of character while enhancing others. Whether the result is good, on balance, depends on how one envisions a good life. Much also depends on whether one believes other economic systems can do better. The question can only be answered by comparing realistic alternatives and by understanding how different systems promote divergent types of human character. In real time, free markets rarely work according to the models constructed by economists. There are booms and bubbles, busts and crashes. It is only in economics textbooks that markets are self-regulating. Against this background, the relation between economics and ethics can be seen more clearly. The traits of character most rewarded by free markets are entrepreneurial boldness, the willingness to speculate and gamble, and the ability to seize or create new opportunities. It is worth noting that these are not the traits most praised by conservative moralists. Prudence, thrift, and the ability to press on patiently in a familiar pattern of life may

be admirable qualities, but they do not usually lead to success in the free market.B Ayaan Hirsi There is little consensus on what is moral, let alone on what erodes morality. A man of faith measures moral character by one’s ability to abide by the demands of his God. A socialist might measure moral strength by one’s dedication to the redistribution of wealth. A liberal—by which I mean a classical, Adam Smith or Milton Friedman liberal, not a liberal in its American meaning of “pro-big government”—might be religious, and he might see the merits of income equality, but he will always put freedom first. This is the moral framework to which I subscribe. According to this school of thought, freedom of the individual is the highest aim, and the ultimate test of a person’s character is his ability to pursue his own chosen goals in life without infringing upon the freedom of others to pursue their own goals. From this perspective, free economic activity among individuals, corporations, and nations boosts such desirable qualities as trust, honesty, and hard work. Producers are compelled to continually improve their goods and services. The free market establishes a meritocracy and creates opportunities for better jobs for those students who work hard at school. The same mechanism pushes parents to invest more time and money in the education of their children. Producers invest in research and innovation to beat their competitors in the marketplace.C Qinglian He Over the past several centuries, the world has seen the many ways in which an active free market spurs material and social progress while at the same time strengthening moral character. By contrast, people who have lived under the free market’s primary modern rival, the ideologically-driven planned economy of state socialism, have suffered as economic performance stagnated, civil society withered, and morality was eroded. In recent decades, as planned economies collapsed under their own contradictions, this Utopian experiment has proved to be a systematic failure. Citizens

who had endured long years of economic, moral, and political disaster were eager to get rid of them. Of course, the market economy is not a perfect system. But the market’s flaws stem from the actions and motivations of its human participants rather than from its design. Experience has taught us that a free market is closely associated with a free society. And in free societies, people are better able to act in concert to improve their lives. Free societies afford people the opportunity to make their own political and social systems more just. In general, these activities support rather than erode morality.D Michael Walzer Competition in the market puts people under great pressure to break the ordinary rules of decent conduct and then to produce good reasons for doing so. It is these rationalizations—the endless self-deception necessary to meet the bottom line and still feel okay about it—that erode moral character. But this isn’t in itself an argument against the free market. Think about the ways that democratic politics also erodes moral character. Competition for political power puts people under great pressure—to make promises they can’t keep, to take money from shady characters, to compromise principles that shouldn’t be compromised. All this has to be defended somehow, and moral character doesn’t survive the defense—at least, it doesn’t survive intact. But these obvious flaws don’t constitute an argument against democracy. To be sure, economic and political competition also produce cooperative projects of many different sorts—partnerships, companies, parties, unions. Within these projects, empathy, mutual respect, friendship, and solidarity are developed and reinforced. People learn the give-and-take of collective deliberation. They stake out positions, take risks, and forge alliances. All these processes build character. But because the stakes are so high, participants in these activities also learn to watch and distrust one another, to conceal their plans, to betray their friends. They become “characters” in familiar stories of corporate corruption, political scandal, defrauded stockholders, and deceived voters.

71． A． B． C． D．

正确答案：A

72． A． B．

C． D．

正确答案：C

解析：题目问的是“哪个作者认为自由市场既破坏又促进了道德人格?”。A篇第一句“Free markets erode some aspects of char—acter while enhancing others．”和C篇前两句“…the world has seenthe many ways in which an active free market spurs material and social progress while at the same time strengthening moral character．．．people who have lived under the free market’s primary modern ri—val，the ideologically—driven planned economy of state socialism，have suffered as economic performance stagnated，civil societywithered，and morality was eroded．In recent decades，as plannedeconomies collapsed under their own contradictions，this utopianexperiment has proved to be a systematic failure．”都做了说明，故选A和C。

73． A． B． C． D．

正确答案：D

解析：题目问的是“哪个作者认为自由市场能将一些优良品格发挥到了极致?”。可以把答案定位在D篇中，其中第一段中的第二、三句“It is these rationalizations--the endless self-deceptionnecessary to meet the bottom line and still feel okay about it—thaterode moral character．But this isn’t in itself an argument against thefree market．Think about the ways that democratic politics alsoerodes moral character．”就做了说明，故选D。

74． A． B． C． D．

正确答案：A 解析：题目问的是“哪个作者认为自由市场会奖励那些面临新挑战而具有冒险精神的人?”。根据问句中的关键词“rewards”、“adventurous”可以把答案定位

在A篇中，其中第二段中的“re—warded”、“boldness”、“speculate and gamble”与关键词相对应，故选A。

75． A． B． C． D．

正确答案：C

76． A． B． C． D．

正确答案：D

解析：题目问的是“哪个作者认为自由市场的不足是人为的而非体系本身的?”。C篇第二段的第二句“But the market’s flawsstem from the actions and motivations of its human participantsrather than from its design．”和D篇最后两句“But because thestakes are so high，participants in these activities also learn to watchand distrust one another，to conceal their plans，to betray theirfriends．They become‘characters’in familiar stories of corporatecorruption，political scandal，defrauded stockholders，and deceivedvoters．”都做了说明，故选这两个答案。

77． A． B． C． D．

正确答案：D 解析：题目问的是“哪个作者认为自由市场上人们行为失德但又为其行为辩护?”。D项第一句“Competition in the market putspeople under great pressure to

break the ordinary rules of decent con—duct and then to produce good reasons for doing so．”做了说明，故选D。

78． A． B． C． D．

正确答案：A 解析：题目问的是“哪个作者认为自由市场不能像一些理论学家预期的那样自我完善?”。A篇第二段的第一句“In real time，free markets rarely work according to the models constructed byeconomists．”做了说明，故选A。

79． A． B． C． D．

正确答案：C

解析：题目问的是“哪个作者认为自由市场将会带来更大的社会和政治进步?”。根据问句中的关键词“social and political ad—vancement”可以把答案定位在C篇中，其中倒数第二句中的“make their own political and social systems more just”与关键词相对应，故选C。

80． A． B． C． D．

正确答案：B 解析：题目问的是“谁认为自由市场会给那些有能力和智慧的人带来更好的机会?”。根据问句中的关键词“provide better op—portunities”可以把答案定位在

B篇中，其中第二段的第五、六句“The same mechanism pushes parents to invest more time and mon—ey in the education of their children．Producers invest in researchand innovation to beat their competitors in the marketplace．”做了说明，故选B。

Section IV Writing (40 minutes)

81． A mother wrote to a newspaper inquiring whether her son should go abroad to study as an undergraduate or he should go to a Chinese university before going abroad to study as a postgraduate. Write a letter to the editor of the same newspaper to give your suggestions to this confused mother, and give reasons to justify your suggestions. You should write no less than 250 words. Write your letter on ANSWER SHEET 2.

正确答案：Dear editor, I read the letter from a confused mother who holds a complicated feeling about whether her son should go abroad to study as an undergraduate or he should go to a Chinese university before going abroad to study as a postgraduate. Here, I would like to voice my opinion. First of all, we all know it can be a frustrating and sometimes painful experience going to study in a foreign country for Chinese students with its different language, culture, habits and so on. However, why are these Chinese students so over-enthusiastic about studying abroad? One of the most vital reasons may be that studying abroad is real-life use of a different language. There is no better opportunity to improve a second language during one’s studies, which offers a distinct advantage when one is applying for jobs back home. Moreover, native or foreign friends whom they encounter could offer important overseas contacts and relationships, which play a very important role in their later professional life. Besides, living and studying abroad offers one a new and different perspective of the world and, perhaps most important, of one’s own country. Once beyond the initial shock of being in a new culture, they slowly begin to get a meaningful understanding. At last, while any anxiety about going overseas for university study is certainly understandable, it is important to remember that the benefits offered by the experience make it well worthwhile. I will be very delighted if my suggestion is a little helpful to this mother. Yours truly, Li Ming

解析：写此类文章关键在于把握话题和英文书信的格式。这篇写作的话题是“出国学习VS．国内学习”，要求就此问题提出自己的看法。一般来说，写作可以从“出国学习”或“国内学习”人手，分别讨论两者的优势和劣势；或将两者进行系统的比较；也可以从某一方面直接表达自身的看法，提出建议。英文书信时，需要注意五个组成要素：日期(date)，开头(opening)，正文(body)，结尾(closing)和签名(signature)。