附录八 标准电极电势
(298.16K)
1. 在酸性溶液中
电极反应 Ag+e=Ag Ag2++e=Ag--+ -+-E/V 0.799 6 1.980 0.643 0.071 33 -电极反应 Cd2+ +2e=Cd(Hg) Ce3+ +3e=Ce Cl2(g)+2e=2Cl HClO+H+e=1/2Cl2+H2O HClO+H+2e=Cl+H2O ClO2+H+e=HClO2 HClO2+2H+2e=HClO+H2O HClO2+3H+3e=1/2Cl2+2H2O HClO2+3H+4e=Cl+2H2O ClO+2H+e=ClO2+H2O 3E/V -0.352 1 -2.483 -AgAc+e=Ag+Ac AgBr+e=Ag+Br Ag2BrO3+e=2Ag+BrO3 Ag2C2O4+2e=2Ag+C2O24 AgCl+e=Ag+Cl Ag2 CO3+2e=2Ag+CO--2-3--1.35827 1.611 1.482 1.277 1.645 1.628 1.570 1.152 1.214 1.47 1.451 1.189 --+---0.546 0.464 7 0.22233 +---+---+- 0.47 0.447 0 0.779 -0.152 24 -0.036 6 0.089 51 0.654 -1.662 +-Ag2CrO4+2e=2Ag+CrO24 AgF+e=Ag+F Ag I+e=Ag+I Ag2S+2H+2e=2Ag+H2S AgSCN+e=Ag+SCN--- -----+--+-ClO+3H+2e=HClO2+H2O 3+-ClO+6H+5e=1/2Cl2+3H2O 3+-ClO+6H+6e=Cl+3H2O 3+--Ag2SO4+2e=2Ag+SO24 Al3+3e=Al AlF+3e=Al+6F 36ClO+2H+2e=ClO3+H2O 4+--+- ClO+8H+7e=1/2Cl2+4H2O 4---2.069 0.234 0.248 0.560 1.692 1.498 -+-1.39 As2O3+6H+6e=2As+3H2O HAsO2+3H+3e=As+2H2O H3AsO4+2H+2e=HAsO2+2H2O Au+e=Au Au3++3 e=Au AuCl4+3e=Au+4Cl Au3+2e=Au H3BO3+3H+3e=B+3H2O Ba+2e=Ba Ba2+2e=Ba(Hg) Be2+2e=Be BiCl-4+3e=Bi+4Cl+--- ++-+-+-+-+---+-+-+-+- ClO+8H+8e=Cl+4H2O 4+--1.389 -0.28 Co2+ +2e=Co Co3+ +e=Co2+ (2mol·L---1 -H2SO4) 1.83 -0.199 -0.913 -0.407 -0.744 CO2+2H++2e=HCOOH Cr2++2e=Cr Cr3++e=Cr2+ Cr3++3e=Cr Cr2O271.002 1.401 -0.869 8 -2.912 -1.570 -1.847 0.16 1.593 0.320 0.158 3 1.087 3 1.066 ---2+-+14H+6e=2Cr3+ +7H2O -+-+-1.232 1.350 0.521 HCrO4+7H+3e=Cr3+ +4H2O Cu+e=Cu Cu2+ +e=Cu Cu2++2e=Cu CuCl+e=Cu+Cl+--- --++-0.153 0.341 9 0.124 3.053 2.866 -0.447 -0.037 0.771 4-Bi2O4+4H+2e=2BiO+2H2O BiO+2H+3e=Bi+H2O BiOCl+2H+3e=Bi+Cl+H2O Br2(aq)+2e=2Br Br2(l)+2e=2Br HBrO+H+2e=Br+H2O HBrO+H+e=l/2Br2(aq)+H2O HBrO+H+e=l/2Br2(l)+H2O BrO+6H+5e=l/2Br2+3H2O 3++-+--F2+2H+2e=2HF F2+2e=2F Fe2++2e=Fe Fe3+ -------+--1.331 1.574 1.596 1.482 1.423 -2.868 -0.4030 -0.246 +3e=Fe --+-Fe3++e=Fe2+ [Fe(CN)6]2-4+-3-+e=[Fe(CN)6]-3+- 0.358 2.20 -0.560 0.00000 +-FeO+8H+3e=FeGa3++3e=Ga 2H+2e=H2 H2(g)+2e=2H HO2+H+e=H2O2 +---+--++4H2O BrO+6H+6e=Br+3H2O 3+--Ca2++2e=Ca Cd2++2e=Cd CdSO4+2e=Cd+SO24---2.23 1.495 -..
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电极反应 H2O2+2H+2e=2H2O Hg2+2e=Hg 2HgHg2++-+-E/V 1.776 0.851 +电极反应 O2+4H+4e=2H2O O(g)+2H+2e=H2O O3+2H+2e=O2+H2O P(red)+3H+3e=PH3(g) P(white)+3H+3e=PH3(g) H3PO2+H+e=P+2H2O H3PO3+2H+2e=H3PO2+H2O H3PO3+3H+3e=P+3H2O H3PO4+2H+2e=H3PO3+H2O Pb2++-+-+-+-+-+-+-+--E/V 1.229 2.421 2.076 -0.111 -0.063 -0.508 -0.499 -0.454 -0.276 -0.126 2 +2e=Hg--2+2 0.920 0.797 3 -2+2+2e=2Hg -Hg2Br2+2e=2Hg+2Br Hg2Cl2+2e=2Hg+2Cl Hg2I2+2e=2Hg+2I Hg2SO4+2e=2Hg+SOI2+2e=2I I3+2e=3I H5IO6+H+2e=IO3+3H2O 2HIO+2H+2e=I2+2H2O HIO+H+2e=I+H2O 2IOIOInIn330.139 23 0.268 08 -0.040 5 -----24 0.612 5 0.535 5 0.536 -----+2e=Pb ---+--1.601 1.439 0.987 1.195 1.085 -0.443 -0.338 2 1.159 -2.931 -2.522 -3.040 1 -2.372 -1.185 PbBr2+2e=Pb+2Br PbCl2+2e=Pb+2Cl PbF2+2e=Pb+2F PbI2+2e=Pb+2I PbO2+4H+2e=Pb2-4-0.284 -0.267 5 -0.344 4 -0.365 +---+----+12H+10e=I2+6H2O +6H+6e=I+3H2O +--+---+-2++2H2O 1.455 1.691 3 -0.358 8 0.951 3++2e=In +3e=In +3e=Ir ----+PbO2+SO+4H+2e=PbSO4+2H2O PbSO4+2e=Pb+SO 2-4+-3+ -Ir 3+ Pd2+2e=Pd PdCl+2e=Pd+4Cl 2-4+-K+e=K La 3+ +--0.591 1.118 -2.98 0.300 0.142 0.564 2.010 -4+3e=La --Pt2++2e=Pt --Li+e=Li MgMnMn2+ +Rb+e=Rb Re3+++2e=Mg --+3e=Re +--2++2e=Mn +e=Mn+-2+S+2H+2e=H2S(aq) S2OS2OS2O263+ 2+1.5415 +2H2O 1.224 0.558 1.679 1.507 -0.200 -+4H+2e=2H2SO3 +2e=2SO 2-4+-MnO2+4H+2e=MnMnO4+e=MnO 2-4-28---28+2H+2e=2HSO+-+- 2.123 -0.056 0.449 0.172 -0.22 -0.510 0.152 0.581 0.212 -2.077 -0.399 0.74 1.151 -1.24 MnO4+4H+3e=MnO2+2H2O MnO4+8H+5e=Mn2++4H2O MO3+--+-2H2SO3+H+2e=H2SO4+2H20 H2SO3+4H+4e=S+3H2O SO+4H+2e=H2SO3+H2O 2-4-+-+-+3e=MO +-+-N2+2H2O+6H+6e=2NH4OH 3N2+2H+2e=2NH3(aq) N2O+2H+2e=N2+H2O N2O4+2e=2NO2+--- +-+-0.092 -3.09 1.766 0.867 1.065 1.035 1.591 0.983 1.297 0.934 0.957 0.803 -2.71 -1.1 -0.257 2SO24+4H+2e=S2O+-+-26+2H2O Sb+3H+3e=2SbH3 Sb2O3+6H+6e=2Sb+3H2O Sb2O5+6H+4e=2SbO+3H2O SbO+2H+3e=Sb+H2O Sc3++3e=Sc Se+2H+2e=H2Se(aq) H2SeO3+4H+4e=Se+3H2O SeO4+4H+2e=H2SeO3+H2O SiF26+-+-+N2O4+2H+2e=2HNO2 N2O4+4H+4e=2NO+2H2O 2NO+2H+2e=N2O+H2O HNO2+H+e=NO+H2O 2HNO2+4H+4e=N2O+3H2O NO+3H+2e=HNO2+H2O 3++-+--+-+-+-+-+-2-+-+-+4e=Si+6F +---NO33+4H+3e=NO+2H2O +4H+2e=N2O4+2H2O -+-+-(quartz)SiO2+4H+4e=Si+2H2O SnSn2+0.857 -0.137 5 2NO++2e=Sn +2e=Sn2 --+-Na+e=Na Nb3+3e=Nb Ni+2e=Ni NiO2+4H+2e=Ni+-+-2++-4+0.151 -4.10 -2.89 -1.793 -0.793 Sr+e=Sr Sr2++2e=Sr Sr2++2e=Sr(Hg) Te+2H+2e=H2Te +---+2+-+2H2O 1.678 0.695 O2+2H+2e=H2O2
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电极反应 Te4++4e=Te TeO2+4H+4e=Te+2H2O +-TeO+8H+7e=Te+4H2O +--E/V 0.568 0.593 0.472 1.02 -1.899 -1.630 -0.368 -电极反应 V3+ +e=V2+ VO2++2H+e=V3++H2O VO+2H+e=VO2++H2O 2E/V -0.255 0.337 0.991 1.00 -0.254 -0.031 -0.119 -0.090 -0.029 -2.37 -0.761 8 +--4+-H6TeO6+2H+2e=TeO2+4 H2O Th4+4e=Th Ti2+2e=Ti Ti3+e=Ti2+ TiO2+2H+e=Ti3++H2O TiO2+4H+2e=Ti2+2H2O Tl+e=Tl V2+ +2e=V
1. 在碱性溶液中
电极反应 AgCN+e=Ag+CN [Ag(CN)2]+e=Ag+2CN Ag2O+H2O+2e=2Ag+2OH 2AgO+H2O+2e=Ag2O+2OH Ag2S+2e=2Ag+S2 H2AlO3+H2O+3e=Al+4OH AsO+2H2O+3e=As+4OH 2+-V(OH)+2H+e=VO2++3H2O 4+-+-V(OH)+4H+5e=V+4H2O 4+-+-W2O5+2H+2e=2WO2+H2O WO2+4H+4e=W+2H2O WO3+6H+6e=W+3H2O 2WO3+2H+2e=W2O5+H2O Y3+ +3e= Y Zn2+2e=Zn +--+-+-+-+-+-++-0.099 -0.502 -0.336 -1.175 +-++--E/V -0.017 电极反应 Cu(OH)2+2e=Cu+2OH 2Cu(OH)2+2e=Cu2O+2OH+H2O [Fe(CN)6]+e=[Fe(CN)6] 34E/V -0.222 ---------0.31 ---0.080 0.358 -0.56 -0.342 0.607 -0.691 ---Fe(OH)3+e=Fe(OH)2+OH H2GaO3+H2O+3e=Ga+4OH 2H2O+2e=H2+2OH Hg2O+H2O+2e=2Hg+2OH HgO+H2O+2e=Hg+2OH H3IO+2e=IO3+3OH 2-3--------1.219 -0.827 7 ----2.33 -0.68 -------0.123 0.097 7 0.7 0.485 AsO+2H2O+2e=AsO+4OH 34-2-0.71 -1.24 -1.79 -2.99 --H2BO+5H2O+8e=BH4+8OH 3------H2BO3+H2O+3e=B+4OH Ba(OH)2+2e=Ba+2OH Be2O+3H2O+4e=2Be+6OH 23--IO+H2O+2e=I+2OH IO3+2H2O+4e=IO+4OH IO3+3H2O+6e=I+6OH Ir2O3+3H2O+6e=2Ir+6OH La(OH)3+3e=La+3OH Mg(OH)2+2e=Mg+2OH MnO4+2H2O+3e=MnO2+4OH MnO+2H2O+2e=MnO2+4OH 24----------0.15 0.26 0.098 -2.90 -2.690 ----2.63 -0.46 0.761 0.61 -3.02 ----Bi2O3+3H2O+6e=2Bi+6OH BrO+H2O+2e=Br+2OH BrO+3H2O+6e=Br+6OH 3---------------Ca(OH)2+2e=Ca+2OH Ca(OH)2+2e=Ca(Hg)+2OH ClO+H2O+2e=Cl+2OH ClO+H2O+2e=ClO+2OH 2----0.595 0.60 -1.56 ---0.809 0.81 ------Mn(OH)2+2e=Mn+2OH Mn(OH)3+e=Mn(OH)2+OH 2NO+H2O+2e=N2O+2OH NO+H2O+e=NO+2OH 2NO2+2H2O+4e=N+4OH 22-----0.66 0.76 0.33 0.62 0.36 0.108 -0.73 --0.15 0.76 -0.46 -ClO+2H2O+4e=Cl+4OH 2-----ClO+H2O+2e=ClO+2OH 32----ClO+3H2O+6e=Cl+6OH 3------0.18 0.15 0.01 ClO+H2O+2e=ClO+2OH 43--2NO+3H2O+4e=N2O+6OH 2--[Co(NH3)6]3+e=[Co(NH3)6]2 Co(OH)2+2e=Co+2OH Co(OH)3+e=Co(OH)2+OH CrO+2H2O+3e=Cr+4OH 2+-+NO+H2O+2e=NO2+2OH 3-----2NO+2H2O+2e=N2O4+4OH 3---0.85 -0.72 ---0.17 -1.2 -Ni(OH)2+2e=Ni+2OH NiO2+2H2O+2e=Ni(OH)2+2OH O2+H2O+2e=HO2+OH O2+2H2O+2e=H2O2+2OH O2+2H2O+4e=4OH O3+H2O+2e=O2+2OH HO2+H2O+2e=3OH ------------------0.490 -0.076 -0.146 0.401 1.24 0.878 CrO+4H2O+3e=Cr(OH)3+5OH 24--0.13 -1.48 Cr(OH)3+3e=Cr+3OH Cu2+2CN+e=[Cu(CN)2] [Cu(CN)2]+e=Cu+2CN Cu2O+H2O+2e=2Cu+2OH ----------1.103 -0.429 -0.360 ..
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电极反应 P+3H2O+3e=PH3(g)+3OH H2PO2+e=P+2OH HPO+2H2O+2e=H2PO+3OH 23E/V -0.87 -1.82 23电极反应 2SO+3H2O+4e=S2O+6OH 23E/V -----0.571 -0.93 -0.66 -0.59 -0.366 ---SO+H2O+2e=SO24-23+2OH ---2--1.65 -1.71 SbO+2H2O+3e=Sb+4OH 2-HPO+2H2O+3e=P+5OH 23--SbO+H2O+2e=SbO2+2OH 3--PO+2H2O+2e=HPO+3OH 3423---1.05 -0.580 SeO+3H2O+4e=Se+6OH 23--PbO+H2O+2e=Pb+2OH HPbO2+H2O+2e=Pb+3OH PbO2+H2O+2e=PbO+2OH Pd(OH)2+2e=Pd+2OH Pt(OH)2+2e=Pt+2OH ReO4+4H2O+7e=Re+8OH S+2e=S2 S+H2O+2e=HS+OH 2S+2e=S2 S4O+2e=2S2O 2-623--SeO+H2O+2e=SeO+2OH 2423--0.05 -1.697 ----0.537 0.247 0.07 0.14 SiO+3H2O+4e=Si+6OH 23----HSnO2+H2O+2e=Sn+3OH Sn(OH)23----0.909 -0.93 -2.88 -1.143 --+2e=HSnO+3OH+H2O 2----Sr(OH)+2e=Sr+2OH Te+2e=Te2 TeO+3H2O+4e=Te+6OH 23------0.584 -0.476 27 -------0.57 -2.48 ----0.478 -0.428 36 0.08 Th(OH)4+4e=Th+4OH Tl2O3+3H2O+3e=2Tl+6OH ZnO+2H2O+2e=Zn+4OH 22---2-+-0.02 -1.215 ---2SO+2H2O+2e=S2O+4OH 2324---1.12 摘自R.C.Weast.Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,D-151.70th ed.1989-1990 。
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