2020-2021学年江苏省启东市高二上学期期末学业质量监测英语试题 解析版

江苏省启东市2020-2021学年高二上学期期末学业质量监测

英语试题

一、阅读选择

About City Cruises—Red River Rover (24hr)

As the River Thames weaves its way through the heart of London there is history around every bend.

See and experience the sights and splendour of this great city from the relaxed comfort of a modern, all-weather, wheelchair-friendly City Cruises RiverLineTM with open upper deck and spacious lower saloon with panoramic windows. During your cruise you will have live commentary from the experienced crew giving you lots of insights you wouldn’t find in the guide books.

The Hop on Hop off Pass allows you to make unlimited use of the river services between the piers of operation:

Westminster Pier: Houses of Parliament

Abbey Waterloo Pier: London Eye, London Aquarium Tower Pier: Tower of London, Tower Bridge

Greenwich Pier: Greenwich, Maritime Museum, Cutty Sark Important Information

You should arrive at least 15 minutes before departure time,

Passenger numbers are difficult to predict each day and can vary on account of public holidays, weather conditions, events, etc. City Cruises cannot guarantee that you will get the sightseeing sailing that you have booked —please ensure that you arrive in reasonable time.

All boats have seating and are fully heated.

All boats offer open space areas with great views. Many have open decks offering a better view.

Free live commentary is in English on each sightseeing cruise.

Free audio guides are available in 8 languages: Italian, French, German, Spanish, Chinese, Russian, English and Japanese.

1．What can we learn about City Cruises RiverLinerTM?

A．It doesn’t provide services on windy days. B．It is accessible to disabled passengers. C．It ignores the great history of River Thames. D．It enables you to learn further about the sights.

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2．In which pier can a passenger view London Eye? A．Westminster Pier. C．Tower Pier

3．We can conclude from the passage that____. A．passengers sensitive to cold should wear more clothes B．passengers can view landmark sights of London on board C．passengers should book visits to get the guaranteed sailing D．passengers can watch live commentaries in various languages 【答案】 1．D 2．D 3．B 【分析】

这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个乘船游览活动，介绍了其特色、能参观到的景点以及其他重要信息。 1．

细节理解题。根据第二段中“During your cruise you will have live commentary from the experienced crew giving you lots of insights you wouldn’t find in the guide books.(在您的航行过程中，经验丰富的船员会为您现场解说，给您很多在导游手册上找不到的见解)”可知，City Cruises RiverLinerTM能使你进一步了解风景。故选D。 2．

细节理解题。根据第五段“Abbey Waterloo Pier: London Eye, London Aquarium(Abbey Waterloo Pier：伦敦眼，伦敦水族馆)”可知，乘客可以在Abbey Waterloo Pier欣赏伦敦眼。故选D。 3．

推理判断题。根据第三段“The Hop on Hop off Pass allows you to make unlimited use of the river services between the piers of operation(The Hop on Hop off Pass可让您在各码头之间使用不限次数的乘船服务)”以及后文“Westminster Pier: Houses of Parliament(威斯敏斯头：国会大厦)；Abbey Waterloo Pier: London Eye, London Aquarium(Abbey Waterloo Pier：伦敦眼，伦敦水族馆)；Tower Pier: Tower of London, Tower Bridge(塔墩：伦敦塔、塔桥)；Greenwich Pier: Greenwich, Maritime Museum, Cutty Sark(格林威治码头：格林威

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B．Greenwich Pier. D．Abbey Waterloo Pier.

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治，海事博物馆，卡蒂萨克)”可推知，乘客在船上可以看到伦敦的标志性景观。故选B。

Mr. Utterson was a lawyer who was good-natured to his friends. His companions were usually distant relations from his own family, or friends that he had known for a long time.

One friend in particular was Mr. Richard Enfield, a distant relative, and a well-known man in London. The two men were very different, but they always went for a long Sunday walk together. People who saw them out on their walk reported that they rarely spoke. However, they would even cancel other appointments in order to go and enjoy their walks without interruption.

One day, while they were out on their walk together, they were strolling (漫步) along a small quiet street. It was all clean and attractive except for one building two storeys high.

As they passed, Mr. Enfield asked Mr. Utterson if he had ever noticed the dirty door, because it reminded him of a very strange story.

“No,” said Mr. Utterson. “What story was that?”

“Well,” replied Mr. Enfield. “Once, I was coming home this way at about 3 am on a dark winter’s night, and the whole area was very quiet and deserted. But then suddenly I saw two people. One was a small unpleasant-looking man walking along this street at a good speed. The second was a small girl, about eight or nine years old, running as fast as she could. Well, the two met at the corner and ran into each other. The unusual thing was that instead of stopping and apologizing, the little man, quite on purpose, stamped (踩) hard on the girl as she lay on the ground, screaming with pain.”

“It was a terrible thing to see. I shouted out and chased the man, caught him and brought him back to where he had knocked down the girl. The noise had attracted a small crowd of people, including some of the girl’s family, who were very angry with the man. He did not apologize, nor was he sorry for what had happened. We all told him that we would make a lot of trouble for him if he did not pay for his actions.”

“The man agreed to pay one hundred pounds to the family. As he did not have that amount of money with him, he said he had to go and get a cheque. He went to the house with the door we are looking at now, and came out with another man’s cheque for almost one hundred pounds at four o’clock in the morning. Therefore w made him stay at my house until the banks opened. Then we went to cash the cheque. I handed it over myself and was sure that it would be a forgery, but to my surprise, it was real”

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4．What can learn about Mr. Utterson and Mr. Enfield? A．They often canceled their appointments. C．They became friends a long time ago.

B．They attached importance to their walks. D．They were often followed by reporters.

5．What happened to the little man and the girl at the street corner? A．He knocked into the girl on purpose. C．He attacked the small girl violently.

B．He chased the girl and shouted at her. D．He stopped and apologized to the girl.

6．Why did he finally agree to pay one hundred pounds? A．Because he had a feeling of guilt. C．Because he made a lot of trouble.

B．Because he was afraid to lose face. D．Because he was under great pressure.

7．What does the underlined word “forgery” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Something mistaken. C．Something illegally copied. 【答案】 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．C 【分析】

这是一篇记叙文。文中借Mr. Enfield之口讲述了一个小个子男人袭击了一个小女孩，并拒绝道歉，最后在人群的威胁下同意赔偿的故事。 4．

推理判断题。根据第二段中“The two men were very different, but they always went for a long Sunday walk together. People who saw them out on their walk reported that they rarely spoke. However, they would even cancel other appointments in order to go and enjoy their walks without interruption.”（这两个人很不一样，但他们总是在星期天一起散步。那些看到他们出去散步的人说他们很少说话。然而，他们甚至会取消其他约会，就是为了去享受散步，不被打扰。）可以推断，散步对于Mr. Utterson和Mr. Enfield来说很重要。故选B项。 5．

细节理解题。根据第六段中“The unusual thing was that instead of stopping and apologizing, the little man, quite on purpose, stamped (踩) hard on the girl as she lay on the ground,

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B．Something unbelievable. D．Something poorly organized.

screaming with pain.”（不同寻常的是，这个小个子男人并没有停下来道歉，而是故意在女孩躺在地上痛苦地尖叫时狠狠地踩在她身上。）可知，那个小男人暴力地攻击了那个小女孩。故选C项。 6．

推理判断题。根据第七段中“The noise had attracted a small crowd of people, including some of the girl’s family, who were very angry with the man.”（嘈杂声吸引了一小群人，其中包括一些女孩的家人，他们对这个男人非常生气。）和“We all old him that we would make a lot of trouble for him if he did not pay for his actions.”（我们都告诉他，如果他不为自己的行为付出代价（赔偿），我们就会给他制造很多麻烦。）可以推断，他是迫于压力最后才答应赔偿100英镑的。故选D项。 7．

词句猜测题。根据划线词汇后文“but to my surprise, it was real.”（但令我惊讶的是，它是真的。）转折的语义可以推断，“I handed it over myself and was sure that it would be a forgery,”（我亲手递过去并确信这是forgery，）中划线词汇forgery应该是“假的东西”的意思，选项C“非法复制的东西”与之意义最为接近。故选C项。

Many parents worry that their children’s use of electronic devices will bring harm to their children, so they set strict limits on their use of electronic devices. But there’s another device-related danger that parents may be completely ignoring ---- second-hand screen time. With second-hand screen time, kids are indirectly exposed to screens being used by someone else close to them.

Watching parents use their devices a lot from an early age can lead children to become addicted to them as they grow up, research suggests. Also, children are likely to show more acting-out behaviors when parents spend too much time on their devices. Often, this is the only way kids can get a parent’s attention. Spending too much time on electronic devices, especially in the presence of a child, also sends the message that the device is more important than the child This can lead to a breakdown in the parent-child relationship.

This does not mean that parents should not use electronic devices while their children are present. It does mean that parents need to set limits on their own screen time, just as they would for their children. For adults, devices are often a necessary part of their work, as well as personal tasks and activities. While cutting down on their screen time may not be easy it is worth the effort.

Parents can now take some practical steps to get started. One of the simplest is setting up

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certain times and places where devices won’t be used. For example, device-free mealtimes are important for many reasons, and this is an easy way to limit the use. Other ideas include not using devices in the restroom, when having a conversation with someone, or when playing games with the kids.

In addition, parents should not use “do as I say, not as I do” to send confusing messages to their children. We can tell kids that it’s important to curb their device use, but if their experience with parents from infancy on is watching them use devices frequently, they are much more likely to follow that model. Therefore, parents should set the right example for their children.

8．What might cause second-hand screen time? A．Children’s overuse of electronic devices. C．Strict limits on children’s use of devices. screens.

9．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The risks of second-hand screen time. C．The causes of second-hand screen time.

B．The forms of second-hand screen time. D．The features of second-hand screen time. B．Watching parents use their devices a lot. D．Seeing strangers directly exposed to

10．What should parents do to improve the situation? A．Say no to the use of electronic devices. C．Try to reduce the amount of screen time. kids.

11．Which of the following can be used to explain the last paragraph? A．It is better to teach by example than by speech. B．He who does not listen to the old man loses at sight. C．Nothing is impossible (or difficult) to the man who will try. D．Knowledge will not be acquired without pain and application. 【答案】 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．A 【分析】

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B．Make an effort to play games with kids. D．Find more reasons to have meals with

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本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了父母也应该对自己使用手机制定严格的规定，父母应该为孩子树立正确的榜样。 8．

细节理解题。根据第一段“With second-hand screen time, kids are indirectly exposed to screens being used by someone else close to them.”（有了二手屏幕时间，孩子们就会间接地接触到身边的人使用的屏幕。）以及第二段“children are likely to show more acting-out behaviors when parents spend too much time on their devices.”（当父母花太多时间在电子设备上时，孩子可能会表现出更多的表现性行为。）可知，看到父母经常使用电子设备会产生二手屏幕时间。故选B项。 9．

主旨大意题。根据第二段“lead children to become addicted to them”（导致孩子长大后对这些设备上瘾）；“are likely to show more acting-out behaviors”（可能会表现出更多的表现性行为）以及“This can lead to a breakdown in the parent-child relationship”（这可能会导致亲子关系的破裂）可知，第二段主要讲述了二手屏幕时间的危害。故选A项。 10．

细节理解题。根据第三段“It does mean that parents need to set limits on their own screen time, just as they would for their children.”（这确实意味着，父母需要为自己的屏幕时间设定，就像他们会为自己的孩子设定一样。）可知，父母应该尝试减少自己的屏幕时间来改善状况。故选C项。 11．

推理判断题。根据最后一段“In addition, parents should not use “do as I say, not as I do” to send confusing messages to their children. We can tell kids that it’s important to curb their device use, but if their experience with parents from infancy on is watching them use devices frequently, they are much more likely to follow that model.”（此外，父母也不应该用“照我说的做，别照我做的做”来误导孩子。我们可以告诉孩子，他们使用电子设备是很重要的，但如果他们从婴儿期起就与父母接触，看到父母频繁地使用电子设备，他们更有可能效仿这种模式。）可推断最后一段可以用以身作则比用演讲教书更好来解释。故选A项。

You’ve probably heard someone lament (express disappointment about) the that current generations aren’t as smart as the ones that came before them. However, researchers studying the Flynn effect have found that scores on IQ tests have time.

The Flynn effect, first described in the 1980s by researcher James Flynn, refers to the

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finding that scores on IQ tests have increased in the past century. Researchers studying this effect have found wide support for this phenomenon.

Researchers have put forward several theories to explain the Flynn effect. One explanation has to do with improvements in health and nutrition. For example, the past century has seen a decrease in smoking and alcohol use in pregnancy, discontinuation of the use of harmful lead paint improvements in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, and improvements in nutrition. As Scott Barry Kaufman writes for Psychology Today, “The Flynn effect serves as a reminder that when we give people more opportunities to prosper (成功), more people do prosper.” In other words, the Flynn effect could be partially due to the fact that we’ve started addressing many of the public health issues that prevented people in earlier generations from reaching their full potential.

Another explanation for the Flynn effect has to do with societal changes that have occurred in the past century as a result of the Industrial Revolution. In a TED talk, Flynn explains that the world today is “a world where we’ve had to develop new mental habits, new habits of mind.” Flynn has found that IQ scores have increased the most rapidly on questions that ask us to find similarities between different things, and more abstract types of problem solving ---- both of which are things that we need to do more of in the modem world.

The Flynn effect tells us that the human mind is much more adaptable than we might have thought. It seems that some of our thinking patterns aren’t necessarily inborn, but rather things that we learn from our environment. When exposed to modern industrial society, we think about the world in different ways than our ancestors did.

12．What is the real state of “kids today” according to some researchers? A．They score higher in IQ tests. C．They get more support from society.

B．They are faced with more IQ tests. D．They are less smart than their parents.

13．What is the example in Paragraph 3 used as? A．A researching approach. C．The theoretical explanation.

B．A reminder of success. D．The practical experience.

14．Why does another explanation focus on societal changes? A．Societal changes result from abstract questions. B．Societal changes help form new habits of mind. C．Societal changes caused the Industrial Revolution. D．Societal changes require people solve more problems.

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15．What would be the best title for the passage? A．How modem industry advances C．Where the two explanations come 【答案】 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D 【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“弗林效应”(Flynn effect)在过去和现在的区别，和今天孩子智商提高的原因。 12．

细节理解题。根据第二段“The Flynn effect, first described in the 1980s by researcher James Flynn, refers to the finding that scores on IQ tests have increased in the past century.”（20世纪80年代，研究人员詹姆斯·弗林(James Flynn)首次提出了“弗林效应”(Flynn effect)，指的是在过去一个世纪里，智商测试分数有所提高。）可知，根据一些研究人员的说法， \"今天的孩子\" 的真实状态是他们在智商测试中得分更高。故选A项。 13．

细节理解题。根据第三段“Researchers have put forward several theories to explain the Flynn effect.”（研究人员提出了几种理论来解释弗林效应。）可知第三段是理论解释。故选C项。 14．

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In a TED talk, Flynn explains that the world today is “a world where we’ve had to develop new mental habits, new habits of mind.””（在一次TED演讲中，弗林解释说，今天的世界是“一个我们必须养成新的思维习惯、新的思维习惯的世界”。）可知，社会变化有助于形成新的思维习惯是另一个解释侧重于社会变革的原因。故选B项。 15．

主旨大意题。根据第二段“The Flynn effect, first described in the 1980s by researcher James Flynn, refers to the finding that scores on IQ tests have increased in the past century. Researchers studying this effect have found wide support for this phenomenon.”（20世纪80

B．Whether the Flynn effect matters D．Why the IQ of kids today improves

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年代，研究人员詹姆斯·弗林(James Flynn)首次提出了“弗林效应”(Flynn effect)，指的是在过去一个世纪里，智商测试分数有所提高。研究这一效应的研究人员发现了这一现象的广泛支持。）以及下文是对这一现象做解释。可知，本文主要是讲今天孩子的智商提高的原因。所以本段的最佳标题为“为什么现在的孩子智商提高了”。 故选D项。

二、七选五

As a student, part of the process of becoming a better writer is learning to revise (修改) one’s written work. 16． You should help your child know that revision addresses organization, focus and purpose, and helps a writer decide whether he or she addresses an audience appropriately and explains his or her thoughts on a clear and logical basis. Editing is the process of reviewing a piece for errors, word choice, clarity, tone and the like. Proofreading is the final quality check for correct spelling and proper punctuation.

Secondly, you need to tell your child that the writing process is made up of several steps. 17． But advanced writers understand that a finished piece should be polished ---- an impossibility if that piece has not been carefully revised at least once. Your child should think of the writing process as separate steps, each of which is important: planning, outlining, writing, revising, editing, and proofreading.

18． Thus, thirdly, you are supposed to discuss your child's written work at the conceptual (概念的) level. If he or she is trying to make the readers believe something in an essay, it is important to ask relevant questions when revising that essay. Is the argument well thought out? How did he or she support that argument? 19．

Overall, revision is about making writing stronger. 20． You can read a newspaper article or essay with your child, and then, ask questions ---- did the introduction make you want to keep reading? Was the main point clear? Pointing out areas you think were confusing or not as strong as they could be, and offer suggestions on how you would try to improve those areas.

A．Adding or deleting words isn’t revising.

B．Revision is different from proofreading or editing. C．Therefore, make sure to show your child how to revise. D．Is there information in the essay that is not related to the topic? E.Is the argument in the essay strong enough to make readers convinced?

F.As a parent, you should impress on your child the challenge of revising the essay. G.Beginners are taught that writing involves developing an idea and putting it on paper.

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【答案】 16．B 17．G 18．A 19．E 20．C 【分析】

这是一篇说明文。文章建议家长该怎样引导孩子正确认识“修改”这一概念以及修改文章的的一些注意事项。 16．

下文“You should help your child know that revision addresses…Editing is…Proofreading is…”主要讲述修改、编辑和校对的不同，B项“Revision is different from proofreading or editing.（修改不同于校对和编辑）”用总结性的话引出修改、校对和编辑的不同，承接下文，符合文意。故选B项。 17．

下文“But advanced writers understand that a finished piece should be polished ---- an impossibility if that piece has not been carefully revised at least once.（但是高级的作家明白，一篇完成的作品应该被打磨----如果那篇作品没有被仔细修改过至少一次，那是不可能的。）”说明有水平的作家对待修改作品这件事的态度，和空处形成对比转折，G项“Beginners are taught that writing involves developing an idea and putting it on paper.（初学者被教导写作包括提出一个想法并把它写在纸上。）”和下文形成对比，符合文意，故选G项。 18．

下文“Thus, thirdly, you are supposed to discuss your child's written work at the conceptual (概念的) level.（因此，第三，你应该在概念层面上讨论孩子的写作。）”说明家长在指导孩子修改写作的时候要有一定的深度，A项“Adding or deleting words isn’t revising.（添加或删除单词并不是修改。）”说明修改写作的时候不应该只停留在浅显的层面上，承接下文，符合文意。故选A项。 19．

上文“If he or she is trying to make the readers believe something in an essay, it is important to ask relevant questions when revising that essay. Is the argument well thought out? How did

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he or she support that argument?（如果他或她试图让读者相信文章中的某些东西，那么在修改文章时问一些相关的问题是很重要的。这个论点经过深思熟虑了吗?他或她是如何支持这个论点的?）”说明修改文章的过程中提问题的重要性，并且前面提出的两个问题E项“Is the argument in the essay strong enough to make readers convinced?都是有关论点的，

（这篇文章中的论点是否足够有力，足以使读者信服?）”也是关于论点的问题，承接上文。故选E项。 20．

上文“Overall, revision is about making writing stronger.（总的来说，修改是为了增强写作能力。）”说明修改的好处，下文“You can read a newspaper article or essay with your child, and then, ask questions ---- did the introduction make you want to keep reading?（你可以和你的孩子一起读一篇报纸文章或文章，然后问他们问题----这个介绍让你想继续读下去”举例说明家长怎样教孩子修改，C项“Therefore, make sure to show your child how to 吗?）

revise.（因此，一定要告诉你的孩子如何修改。）”承上启下，符合文意。故选C项。

三、完形填空

This incident occurred during our trip to the US in 2013. We had a great time in Cape Cod and 21 to Boston at six in the evening. We thought that the Boston commuter rail station was 22 to the last but one stage and so got off the bus at that stage. My husband has a keen sense of direction and so I 23 followed him, without knowing where we were 24 . We found ourselves 25 with the station nowhere in sight! Being a Sunday, the roads were 26 with not many people walking around. We did find a few but 27 were a bit hesitant to ask strangers for directions.

Finally, we saw a young guy coming from the opposite direction. Having no other 28 , we approached him. On hearing our problem, he 29 took us to the station, which was just a few blocks away.

Another guy who was standing near the machine told us that the machine was out of order. He 30 the train timings and told us to hurry up in order to catch the train which was 31 within the next few minutes. We both were very much moved by his 32 and thanked him and shook hands with him.

On reaching home in Boston, we wanted to 33 his help through Boston Globe, a local leading newspaper. But we had 34 to get his name in the great hurry and 35 at the time of our departure! 21．A．returned

B．travelled

C．connected

D．walked

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22．A．equal 23．A．sensitively 24．A．looking 25．A．lost 26．A．expanded 27．A．instantly 28．A．benefit 29．A．personally 30．A．arranged 31．A．crashing 32．A．gesture 33．A．accomplish 34．A．meant 35．A．barrier 【答案】 21．A 22．B 23．D 24．C 25．A 26．C 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．C 31．D 32．A 33．B 34．D 35．C 【分析】

B．close B．anxiously B．searching B．worn B．constructed B．actually B．alternative B．positively B．collected B．speeding B．reception B．appreciate B．refused B．drawback

C．open C．slightly C．heading C．assisted C．deserted C．initially C．reason C．thankfully C．checked C．slowing C．responsibility C．strengthen C．promised C．confusion

D．similar D．blindly D．waiting D．opposed D．burdened D．directly D．direction D．particularly D．adjusted D．leaving D．commitment D．retell D．forgotten D．anger

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这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了在美国旅行时，因迷路无法回到车站，遇到好心人帮助及时赶回的故事。 21．

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在Cape Cod玩得很开心，晚上六点回到波士顿。A. returned返回；B.travelled旅行；C. connected连接，D. walked步行。联系；根据前文“We had a great time in Cape Cod”和后文“to Boston at six in the evening”及最后一段的“On reaching home in Boston”可知，作者一家白天在Cape Cod游玩，傍晚返回波士顿。故选A项。 22．

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们以为波士顿通勤火车站离最后一站很近，只有一个站台，所以在那个站台下了公共汽车。A. equal平等的；B. close近的；C. open开着的；D. similar类似的。根据后文“but one stage”可知，作者他们认为很近。故选B项。 23．

考查副词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫很有方向感，所以我盲目地跟着他，不知道我们要去哪里。A. sensitively敏感地；B. anxiously焦虑地；C. slightly轻微地；D. blindly盲目地。根据后文“without knowing where we were ___4___ .”可知，作者只是盲目地跟随，不知道在哪儿。故选D项。 24．

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫很有方向感，所以我盲目地跟着他，不知道我们要去C. heading朝着；D. waiting等待。根据前文“My 哪里。A. looking看；B. searching搜寻；

husband has a keen sense of direction and so I ___3___ followed him”可知，丈夫方向感很好，作者只是跟随，所以不知道是朝哪儿走。故选C项。 25．

考查过去分词转化的形容词词义辨析。句意：我们发现自己迷路了，看不到车站在哪儿！A. lost丢失，迷失的；B. worn磨损的，筋疲力尽的；C. assisted辅助的；D. opposed反对的，截然不同的。根据后文“with the station nowhere in sight!”可知，作者他们看不到车站，迷路了。故选A项。 26．

考查过去分词（形容词）词义辨析。句意：由于是星期天，路上行人稀少，没有多少人 A. expanded扩展的；B. constructed修建的；C. deserted空寂无人的；D. burdened走动。

负担的。根据后文“with not many people walking around”可知，没有多少人走动，所以此处指“行人稀少，空寂无人”。故选C项。

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27．

考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们确实找到了一些，但最初在向陌生人问路时有些犹豫。A. instantly立即；B. actually实际上；C. initially最初；D. directly直接地。根据后文“Finally, we saw a young guy coming from the opposite direction.”可知，此处指“最初”和后文“Finally”相对。故选C项。 28．

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们别无选择，只好去找他。A. benefit利益；B. alternative选择；C. reason原因；D. direction方向。根据前文可知，作者一行找不到火车站了，路上没有许多人走动，根据前文“Finally, we saw a young guy coming from the opposite direction.”以及后文“we approached him.”可知，最后，对面来了个年轻人，所以他们别无选择，只好去找他。故选B项。 29．

考查副词词义辨析。句意：听到我们的问题，他亲自带我们去了车站，就在几个街区之A. personally亲自地；B. positively肯定地，C. thankfully感激地；D. particularly外。积极地；特别是，尤其是。这里强调这个年轻人不是简单地指明方向，而是亲自带作者他们去车站。故选A项。 30．

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他查了一下火车时刻表，叫我们快点，以便赶上几分钟内就要开的火车。A. arranged安排；B. collected收集；C. checked核查；D. adjusted调整。根据常识以及后文“the train timings and told us to hurry up in order to catch the train which was ___11___ within the next few minutes”可知，这个年轻人查了火车时刻表，知道火车快要开了，叫作者他们快去赶火车。故选C项。 31．

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他查了一下火车时刻表，叫我们快点，以便赶上几分钟内就要开的火车。A. crashing碰撞；B. speeding加速；C. slowing减速；D. leaving离开。根据前文可知，年轻人帮助作者找到火车站，查了时刻表，催他们快点儿，所以，这里指火车还有几分钟就要离开了。故选D项。 32．

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都被他的善举感动了，向他表示感谢，并与他握手。A. gesture手势，举止，（表明感情或意图的）姿态；B. reception接待；C. responsibility责任；D. commitment承诺。年轻人帮助作者他们找到火车站，作者一家被他的善举所感动。故选A项。

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33．

考查动词词义辨析。句意：一回到波士顿的家，我们就想通过当地一家主要报纸《波士顿环球报》感谢他的帮助。A. accomplish完成；B. appreciate感激，欣赏；C. strengthen加强；D. retell复述。根据前文“We both were very much moved by his ___12___ and thanked him and shook hands with him.”可知，年轻人帮助作者他们找到火车站，作者一家很感动，非常感谢年轻人，所以回家后，还想通过报纸再给与感谢。故选B项。 34．

考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，在我们离开的时候，我们匆忙而混乱地忘记了要他的名字！A. meant意味着；B. refused拒绝；C. promised承诺；D. forgotten忘记。作者一家想要感谢年轻人的帮助，根据前文“But”转折的语义和后文“to get his name in the great hurry”可知，匆忙中，他们忘了要他的名字。故选D项。 35．

考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，在我们离开的时候，我们匆忙而混乱地忘记了要他的名字！A. barrier障碍；B. drawback缺点；C. confusion混乱，困惑；D. anger愤怒。根据前文“He ___10___ the train timings and told us to hurry up in order to catch the train which was ___11___ within the next few minutes.”年轻人送他们到车站时，火车还有几分钟就要开了，所以这里指当时匆忙混乱。故选C项。

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Salt is everywhere. Even if you can’t taste it, chances are good ifs in everything from your breakfast oatmeal to the salad you brought for lunch. According to the FDA, Americans eat 36． average 3,400 milligrams of sodium, a chemical element 37． (find) in salt, each day ---- over 1,000 milligrams more than the daily recommended value. Salt 38． (consume) has gotten out of control, 39． (turn) from a way to preserve food into a cheap commodity used to flavor our favorite salty snacks. It’s so inexpensive that you probably don’t think twice about the price tag of a box at the store.40． you’re choosing a bottle of the expensive pink Himalayan salt.

It wasn’t always that way, though. Salt 41． (be) around for thousands of years, and it was once so 42． (value) that people traded it ounce-per-ounce with gold. Wars 43．(fight) over it, and it inspired a lively black market throughout Europe and Asia. There’s even a way 44． salt might bring you good luck. So how did salt become the mass-produced

45． (produce) that we add to food, one pinch at a time? You might be surprised to find out

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some of these lesser-known facts about everyone’s favorite seasoning (调味品), salt 【答案】 36．on 37．found 38．consumption 39．turning 40．unless 41．has been 42．valuable 43．were fought 44．that 45．product 【分析】

这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了盐的发展历程，从一开始的昂贵到现在的必需品，我们对待盐的态度发生了变化。 36．

考查介词。句意：根据FDA的数据，美国人平均每天摄入3400毫克钠(盐中的一种化学元素)----比每日推荐摄入量高出1000多毫克。固定短语on average平均。故填on。 37．

考查非谓语动词。句意：根据FDA的数据，美国人平均每天摄入3400毫克钠(盐中的一种化学元素)----比每日推荐摄入量高出1000多毫克。逻辑主语a chemical element与动词find是被动关系，所以用动词过去分词作定语。故填found。 38．

考查名词。句意：盐的消费已经失控，从一种保存食品的方式变成了一种廉价商品，用来给我们最喜欢的咸味零食调味。分析句子结构可知，空格处于前面的salt构成主语，所以用名词形式。故填consumption。 39．

考查非谓语动词。句意：盐的消费已经失控，从一种保存食品的方式变成了一种廉价商品，用来给我们最喜欢的咸味零食调味。逻辑主语Salt consumption与动词是turn是主动关系，所以应用动词的现在分词作状语。故填turning。 40．

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考查连词。句意：除非你选择一瓶昂贵的粉色喜马拉雅盐。根据前一句“It’s so inexpensive that you probably don’t think twice about the price tag of a box at the store.”可知，后面一种是特定情况，所以用连词unless引导条件状语从句。故填unless。 41．

考查动词时态。句意：盐已经存在了几千年，它曾经非常珍贵，人们用每盎司的盐和黄金进行交易。根据时间短语or thousands of years可知应用现在完成时，且名词Salt是不可数的。故填has been。 42．

考查形容词。句意：盐已经存在了几千年，它曾经非常珍贵，人们用每盎司的盐和黄金进行交易。副词so后面接形容词。故填valuable。 43．

考查时态和语态。句意：它引发了战争，并在整个欧洲和亚洲催生了一个活跃的黑市。主语Wars与动词fight是被动关系，且事件发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were fought。 44．

考查定语从句。句意：甚至有一种方法可以让盐给你带来好运。分析句子可知，先行词为a way，且在定语从句中作方式状语，所以用in which或that引导。There be句型中，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。 45．

考查名词。句意：那么，盐是如何成为我们大批量添加到食物中的产品的呢?分析句子可知，形容词mass-produced后应用名词形式。故填product。

五、根据首字母填写单词

46．Cycling is highly b________to health and the environment.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】beneficial 【详解】

本题考查形容词。根据所给句子，结合首字母提示，可推出是形容词beneficial“有益的”，该词作为句子表语，be beneficial to“对......是有益的”。结合句意：骑自行车对健康和环境大有益处。故答案为：beneficial。

47．Luckily, a famous s________ operated on him and saved his life. (根据首字母单词拼写)

【答案】surgeon 【详解】

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考查名词。句意：幸运的是，一位著名的外科医生给他做了手术，救了他的命。形容词famous后接名词形式，根据不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式，作主语，根据首字母提示及句意，故填surgeon。

48．If he judge people only by their looks, that shows how s________ he is. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】shallow 【详解】

考查形容词。句意：如果他只看外表，那就说明他是多么浅薄。句中用形容词作表语。根据首字母提示及句意，故填shallow。

49．Many children buy books after they have been a ________ for television. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】adapted 【详解】

考查动词。句意：很多孩子在一些书籍被改编成为电视剧之后都买了书。根据所给首字母及句意“改编”以及上文have been 可知，该空应填adapted，构成现在完成时被动语态。故填adapted.

50．Jack used a h________ to hit the nails in the wall and then hung these pictures on them. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】hammer 【详解】

考查名词。句意：杰克用一把锤子把钉子钉在墙上，然后把这些画挂在上面。句中用名词作宾语，根据不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。根据首字母提示及句意，故填hammer。

六、根据汉语意思填写单词

51．The government tried to ensure the ________ (分发) of food and medicines to the flood victims. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】distribution 【详解】

考查名词。句意：努力确保把食品和药品分发给遭受洪水的灾民。the + 名词 + of。distribution分发，为不可数名词。根据汉语提示及句意，故填distribution。 52．As one of the world’s most populous countries China plays a leading role in the global reduction of ________ (贫困). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

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【答案】poverty 【详解】

考查名词。句意：作为世界上人口最多的国家之一，中国在全球减少贫困方面发挥着领导作用。介词of后接名词形式。poverty贫困，为不可数名词。根据汉语提示及句意，故填poverty。

53．I believe that each of us can ________ (为……做贡献) to the future of the world. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】contribute 【详解】

contribute to为……考查动词。句意：我相信我们每个人都可以为世界的未来做出贡献。做贡献。情态动词can后接动词原形。根据汉语提示及句意，故填contribute。 ．The talented artist has ________ (雕刻) an interesting decoration from this piece of tree root. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】carved 【详解】

考查动词。句意：这位天才艺术家用这一段树根雕刻了一件很有趣的装饰品。根据汉语提示“雕刻” 使用动词 carve,，分析句子组成,可知The talented artist作主语，carve在句子中作谓语动词，应使用现在完成时，结合空前已有助动词has 。故填carved.

七、根据中英文提示填写单词

55．With winter approaching, there are more and more c________ (确认) COVTD-19 cases around the world. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】confirmed 【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：随着冬季的临近，世界各地确诊的COVTD-19病例越来越多。名词COVTD-19 cases 与confirm之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。根据中英文提示及句意，故填confirmed。

八、提纲类作文

56．假定你是高中生李华，你校学生会将组织髙二学生去南通参观张謇博物馆，请你代表校学生会出个通知，内容如下： (1)参观时间与活动参与对象； (2)参观前查阅有关张謇资料；

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(3)参观过程中疫情防控要求。 注意:

(1)词数80左右；

(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； (3)通知中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

(4)参考词汇：疫情防控—epidemic prevention and control。

Notice

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Students’ Union

【答案】 Notice

It has been decided that Senior 2 students in our school will pay a visit to Zhang Jian Museum in Nangtong at 8 o’clock next Tuesday.

Before the visit, you’d better search for background information about Zhang Jian, especially his great contributions to Nantong.

During the visit, you have to follow the requirements of epidemic prevention control. Remember to wear a mask and keep your hands clean. Cooperate with the staff in taking your temperature.

The Students’ Union

【分析】

本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生代表校学生会出个通知，介绍去南通参观张謇博物馆的活动安排。 【详解】 第一步：审题 体裁：应用文

时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。 结构：总分法

总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。

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要求：

(1)参观时间与活动参与对象； (2)参观前查阅有关张謇资料； (3)参观过程中疫情防控要求。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）

pay a visit to; search for; background information; contribution to; epidemic prevention and control; wear a mask; cooperate with 第三步：连词成句

1. It has been decided that Senior 2 students in our school will pay a visit to Zhang Jian Museum in Nangtong at 8 o’clock next Tuesday.

2.Before the visit, you’d better search for background information about Zhang Jian, especially his great contributions to Nantong.

3.During the visit, you have to follow the requirements of epidemic prevention and control. 4. Remember to wear a mask and keep your hands clean. 5. Cooperate with the staff in taking your temperature.

根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）

1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second, And then, Finally（供参考） 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition（供参考） 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】

[高分句型1] Remember to wear a mask and keep your hands clean. (运用了祈使句) [高分句型2] Cooperate with the staff in taking your temperature. (运用了动名词作宾语)

九、读后续写

57．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 A pleasant surprise

For a long time, I had been looking for a piano of my own to practise on. There was a piano shop on the street along which I walked every day to school. Whenever I passed the shop, I would stop, looking at the beautiful piano standing in the comer of the shop window. How I had been dreaming, day and night to possess a piano like that!

Unfortunately, my father was just a clerk. Times were tough during the Depression,

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and there were five mouths to feed, besides buying coal and wood for the stove. In order to save money, even on cold winter days, my father would walk the seven miles every day to get to work. No he could never afford to buy me an expensive piano. Though he knew I wanted to play that piano so much» buying it was an extravagance (奢侈品) well beyond our family’s income.

One day after school, I went as usual to the shop window to look at the piano. However, to my surprise and disappointment, the piano had gone. I should not have been surprised as others had the right to buy it, if they could afford to. Tears filled my eyes when I thought of not being able to sec that piano any more.

Disappointed, helpless and sad, I wandered aimlessly up and down the street. After about an hour. I returned home. I had just entered into our house, when I heard my mother calling me. I brushed away my tears and followed the sound of her voice into the dining-room. Paragraph 1:

I could not believe my eyes.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2:

As soon as my father appeared, I hugged him tightly.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I could not believe my eyes . The beautiful piano I had been longing for was standing 【答案】

there in front of me. Excitement and happiness filled my heart. I couldn’t help crying and tears streamed down my face. My mother approached me, saying they knew the piano was the very thing I had dreamed about and my father had tried everything possible to realize my dream. I was on the point of saying something when the door opened.

As soon as my father appeared, I hugged him tightly. “Thank you, Dad!” I said. I could see a big smile on his wrinkled face. Regardless of the bad weather, my father had gone to work

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every day to make money. I cold not imagine how much effort he had made! My father kissed me on the forehead, whispering that he had at last earned enough to buy the piano. Only then did I realize that no gift could measure up to a father’s love. 【分析】

本文以情感为线索展开，讲述了作者非常喜欢商里的一架钢琴，每天都要去看它，但是父亲只是普通职员又恰逢经济萧条，买不起这架钢琴，突然有一天钢琴不见了，作者很伤心回去时发现钢琴在自己家里，作者很激动，展现了父母对孩子深沉爱意的故事。 【详解】 1.段落续写：

①由第一段首句内容“我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。”可知，第一段可描写作者发现销售的钢琴在自己家里，表达自己的激动。

②由第二段首句内容“我父亲一出现，我就紧紧地抱住他。”可知，第二段可描写作者对父亲的感谢以及对他的爱。

2.续写线索：钢琴失而复得的喜悦——对父亲的感谢——对父亲的赞美与心疼——表达对父亲的爱 3.词汇激活 行为类

①.充满：full of/be filled with

②.比得上：measure up to /be comparable to/ make a patch against/ up with 情绪类

①.感谢：Thank you /showing his appreciation/show his gratitude/be grateful ②.渴望：long for/dying to/thirst for/be eager to/be desperate for 【点睛】

[高分句型1]: The beautiful piano I had been longing for was standing there in front of me.这句话运用了定语从句。

[高分句型2]: My father kissed me on the forehead, whispering that he had at last earned enough to buy the piano.这句话运用了动词现在分词作状语的结构。

[高分句型3]：Only then did I realize that no gift could measure up to a father’s love.这句话运用了only开头的倒装结构。

试卷第!异常的公式结尾页，总24页 24